Zenk Shannon N, Horoi Irina, McDonald Ashley, Corte Colleen, Riley Barth, Odoms-Young Angela M
Department of Health Systems Science, University of Illinois at Chicago, USA.
Department of Economics, University of Illinois at Chicago, USA.
Appetite. 2014 Dec;83:333-341. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2014.09.008. Epub 2014 Sep 17.
This study examined contributions of environmental and personal factors (specifically, food availability and expense, daily hassles, self-efficacy, positive and negative affect) to within-person and between-person variations in snack food intake in 100 African American women. Participants were signaled at random five times daily for seven days to complete a survey on a study-provided smartphone. Women reported consuming snack foods at 35.2% of signals. Easier food availability accounting for one's usual level was associated with higher snack food intake. Being near outlets that predominately sell snacks (e.g., convenience stores), while accounting for one's usual proximity to them, was associated with higher snack food intake. Accounting for one's usual daily hassle level, we found that on days with more frequent daily hassles snack food intake was higher. The positive association between within-person daily hassles frequency and snack food intake was stronger when foods were easily available. Public and private policies to curb ubiquitous food availability and mobile health interventions that take into account time-varying influences on food choices and provide real-time assistance in dealing with easy food availability and coping with stressors may be beneficial in improving African American women's day to day food choices.
本研究调查了环境和个人因素（具体而言，食物可得性与费用、日常烦恼、自我效能感、积极和消极情绪）对100名非裔美国女性零食摄入量的个体内和个体间差异的影响。在为期七天的时间里，每天随机向参与者发出五次信号，让她们通过研究提供的智能手机完成一项调查。女性报告在35.2%的信号发出时食用了零食。在考虑个人通常情况的前提下，更容易获得食物与更高的零食摄入量相关。在考虑个人通常与零食销售场所（如便利店）的接近程度的情况下，靠近主要销售零食的场所与更高的零食摄入量相关。在考虑个人通常的日常烦恼程度后，我们发现，在日常烦恼更频繁的日子里，零食摄入量更高。当食物容易获得时，个体内日常烦恼频率与零食摄入量之间的正相关更强。遏制普遍存在的食物可得性的公共和私人政策，以及考虑到随时间变化的食物选择影响并在应对容易获得的食物和应对压力源方面提供实时帮助的移动健康干预措施，可能有助于改善非裔美国女性的日常食物选择。
