Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
Trends Immunol. 2014 Oct;35(10):465-70. doi: 10.1016/j.it.2014.08.008. Epub 2014 Sep 15.
The simple animal host Caenorhabditis elegans utilizes its nervous system to respond to diverse microbial cues, and can engage in a protective behavioral avoidance response to environmental pathogens. This behavior bears hallmarks of an immune response, with sensors and recognition systems that trigger a protective response following a learning experience. Neuronal circuits required for aversive learning have been defined, revealing conserved signaling modules with dual roles in immunity and neuronal responses to pathogenic bacteria. Identification of natural polymorphisms that modulate avoidance behavior has enabled an improved understanding of host-microbe interactions at the molecular level. We review here these findings and discuss how the microbial cues and host responses defined in C. elegans may provide insight into evolutionarily diverse host-microbe interactions.
简单动物宿主秀丽隐杆线虫利用其神经系统来响应多种微生物线索，并能对环境病原体做出保护性的行为回避反应。这种行为具有免疫反应的特征，具有传感器和识别系统，在学习经验后触发保护性反应。已经定义了厌恶学习所需的神经元回路，揭示了在免疫和神经元对病原菌的反应中具有双重作用的保守信号模块。鉴定出调节回避行为的自然多态性，使我们能够在分子水平上更好地理解宿主-微生物相互作用。我们在这里回顾这些发现，并讨论秀丽隐杆线虫中定义的微生物线索和宿主反应如何为进化上多样化的宿主-微生物相互作用提供见解。
