摩洛哥人群对癌症风险因素的公众认知：一项基于人群的横断面研究。
Public awareness of cancer risk factors in the Moroccan population: a population-based cross-sectional study.
作者信息
El Rhazi Karima, Bennani Bahia, El Fakir Samira, Boly Ahmadou, Bekkali Rachid, Zidouh Ahmed, Nejjari Chakib
机构信息
Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and pharmacy of Fez, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdillah University, B,P 1893, Route Sidi Harazem, Km 2,2, Fez, Morocco.
出版信息
BMC Cancer. 2014 Sep 23;14:695. doi: 10.1186/1471-2407-14-695.
BACKGROUND
In Morocco, knowledge of cancer risk factors, a crucial element in the process of behavioral change, has never been evaluated. This study aims to provide information on the level of awareness of cancer risk factors among the Moroccan general population.
METHODS
A cross sectional survey was carried out in May 2008, using a stratified sampling method in a representative sample of the Moroccan adult population. The used questionnaire included social and demographic data as well as questions about 14 cancer related factors regarding passive or active smoking, alcoholic beverages, obesity, physical inactivity, food coloring, red meat, fat, salt, fruit, vegetables, olive oil, green tea, coffee, breast-feeding. Subjects had to choose between 3 propositions for each proposed factor (risk factor/Protective factor/Don't Know). The knowledge score was calculated by summing the correct answer for each proposed factor except coffee and food coloring. The answer was assigned 1 if it's correct or 0 if it was incorrect or the participant responded 'don't know. The maximum knowledge score was 12. Multivariate linear regression model was used to evaluate the determinants of knowledge score.
RESULTS
Among 2891 subjects who participated to the survey, 49.5% were men and 42% were from a rural area. The mean age was 41.6 ± 15.2 years. The mean knowledge score of cancer related factors was 8.45 ± 3.10 points. Knowledge score increased with educational level (β = -0.65 if school year ≤6 versus >6) and housing category (β = 1.80 in high standing housing vs rural housing). It was also higher in urban area, among never smokers and among people never consuming alcohol compared to others groups.
CONCLUSION
These results provide valuable information necessary to establish relevant cancer prevention strategies in Morocco aiming to enhance and improve people's knowledge about risk factors especially in some target groups.
背景
在摩洛哥，癌症风险因素的知晓情况——行为改变过程中的关键要素——从未得到评估。本研究旨在提供有关摩洛哥普通人群对癌症风险因素的认知水平的信息。
方法
2008年5月进行了一项横断面调查，采用分层抽样方法选取摩洛哥成年人群的代表性样本。所使用的问卷包括社会和人口统计学数据，以及关于14个与癌症相关因素的问题，涉及被动或主动吸烟、酒精饮料、肥胖、身体活动不足、食用色素、红肉、脂肪、盐、水果、蔬菜、橄榄油、绿茶、咖啡、母乳喂养。对于每个提出的因素，受试者必须在3个选项中做出选择（风险因素/保护因素/不知道）。知识得分通过对每个提出的因素（咖啡和食用色素除外）的正确答案进行求和来计算。如果答案正确则赋值为1，如果答案错误或参与者回答“不知道”则赋值为0。最高知识得分为12分。采用多元线性回归模型评估知识得分的决定因素。
结果
在参与调查的2891名受试者中，49.5%为男性，42%来自农村地区。平均年龄为41.6±15.2岁。癌症相关因素的平均知识得分为8.45±3.10分。知识得分随教育水平（学年≤6年与>6年相比，β=-0.65）和住房类别（高档住房与农村住房相比，β=1.80）的提高而增加。与其他群体相比，城市地区、从不吸烟者以及从不饮酒者的得分也更高。
结论
这些结果提供了宝贵信息，对于在摩洛哥制定相关癌症预防策略至关重要，这些策略旨在增强和改善人们对风险因素的认识，尤其是在一些目标群体中。
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