Janssen P W M, Lentle R G, Chambers P, Reynolds G W, De Loubens C, Hulls C M
Institute of Food, Nutrition and Human Health, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand.
Neurogastroenterol Motil. 2014 Nov;26(11):1651-62. doi: 10.1111/nmo.12447. Epub 2014 Sep 24.
Spatiotemporal (ST) mapping has mainly been applied to ex vivo preparations of the gut. We report the results of ST mapping of the spontaneous and remifentanil-induced motility of circular and longitudinal muscles of the distal ileum in the postprandial anaesthetized pig.
Spatiotemporal maps of strain rate were derived from image sequences of an exteriorized loop of ileum on a superfusion tray at laparotomy. Parameters were obtained by direct measurement from these maps, and by auto- and cross-correlation of map segments.
Localized domains of standing longitudinal and circular activity that alternated between neighboring domains occurred spontaneously and both were promptly extinguished following intraluminal dosage with lidocaine. Longitudinal or circular contractions within a domain typically occurred at times that would coincide with every second or third cycle of the slow wave but propagated within the domain at a rate consistent with that reported within spike patches. Shortly after intravenous administration of remifentanil, longitudinal and circular contractions at the reported slow wave frequency propagated over longer distances at a high speed before slowing to a rate similar to that reported for slow waves.
CONCLUSIONS & INFERENCES: ST mapping based on cross-correlation is a robust tool for the analysis of intestinal movement and minimizing movement artefacts. We propose that the ST pattern of standing longitudinal and circular contractions arises from variation in the refractory period of smooth muscle, and hence, in its response to successive slow waves with neural stimuli influencing the former and having a mainly permissive role.
时空（ST）映射主要应用于肠道的离体标本。我们报告了在餐后麻醉猪的回肠末端环形和纵形肌肉的自发及瑞芬太尼诱导的运动的ST映射结果。
应变率的时空图来自剖腹手术时在灌注盘上的一段外置回肠环的图像序列。通过直接测量这些图以及图段的自相关和互相关来获得参数。
相邻区域之间交替出现的局部纵向和环形活动区域自发发生，腔内给予利多卡因后两者均迅速消失。一个区域内的纵向或环形收缩通常发生在与慢波的每第二个或第三个周期一致的时间，但在该区域内以与锋电位斑内报道的速率一致的速度传播。静脉注射瑞芬太尼后不久，以报道的慢波频率出现的纵向和环形收缩在高速传播较长距离后减慢至与慢波报道的速率相似。
基于互相关的ST映射是分析肠道运动和最小化运动伪影的有力工具。我们提出，纵向和环形收缩的ST模式源于平滑肌不应期的变化，因此，源于其对连续慢波的反应，神经刺激影响前者并主要起允许作用。
