Department of Psychology, University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712; email:
Annu Rev Psychol. 2015 Jan 3;66:877-902. doi: 10.1146/annurev-psych-010814-015321. Epub 2014 Sep 22.
Today the Internet plays a role in the lives of nearly 40% of the world's population, and it is becoming increasingly entwined in daily life. This growing presence is transforming psychological science in terms of the topics studied and the methods used. We provide an overview of the literature, considering three broad domains of research: translational (implementing traditional methods online; e.g., surveys), phenomenological (topics spawned or mediated by the Internet; e.g., cyberbullying), and novel (new ways to study existing topics; e.g., rumors). We discuss issues (e.g., sampling, ethics) that arise when doing research online and point to emerging opportunities (e.g., smartphone sensing). Psychological research on the Internet comes with new challenges, but the opportunities far outweigh the costs. By integrating the Internet, psychological research has the ability to reach large, diverse samples and collect data on actual behaviors, which will ultimately increase the impact of psychological research on society.
如今，互联网在全球近 40%的人口生活中扮演着重要角色，并且它在日常生活中的融入程度也越来越深。这种日益增长的存在正在改变心理学研究的课题和方法。我们提供了文献综述，考虑了三个广泛的研究领域：转化（将传统方法在线实施，例如调查）、现象学（由互联网引发或介导的主题，例如网络欺凌）和新颖（研究现有主题的新方法，例如谣言）。我们讨论了在网上进行研究时出现的问题（例如抽样、伦理），并指出了新兴的机会（例如智能手机感应）。互联网上的心理研究带来了新的挑战，但机会远远超过了成本。通过整合互联网，心理研究有能力接触到大量、多样化的样本，并收集关于实际行为的数据，这将最终提高心理研究对社会的影响。
