成人神经发生：超越学习与记忆
Adult neurogenesis: beyond learning and memory.
作者信息
Cameron Heather A, Glover Lucas R
机构信息
Section on Neuroplasticity, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; email:
出版信息
Annu Rev Psychol. 2015 Jan 3;66:53-81. doi: 10.1146/annurev-psych-010814-015006. Epub 2014 Sep 19.
New neurons continue to be generated in the dentate gyrus throughout life, providing this region of the hippocampus with exceptional structural plasticity, but the function of this ongoing neurogenesis is unknown. Inhibition of adult neurogenesis produces some behavioral impairments that suggest a role for new neurons in learning and memory; however, other behavioral changes appear inconsistent with this function. A review of studies investigating the function of the hippocampus going back several decades reveals many ideas that seem to converge on a critical role for the hippocampus in stress response and emotion. These potential hippocampal functions provide new avenues for investigating the behavioral functions of adult neurogenesis. And, conversely, studies in animals lacking adult neurogenesis, which are likely to have more limited and more specific impairments than are seen with lesions, may provide valuable new insights into the function of the hippocampus. A complete understanding of the function of the hippocampus must explain its role in emotion and the relationship between its emotional and memory functions.
在一生中，齿状回中持续有新的神经元生成，赋予海马体的这一区域非凡的结构可塑性，但这种持续神经发生的功能尚不清楚。抑制成体神经发生会产生一些行为障碍，这表明新神经元在学习和记忆中发挥作用；然而，其他行为变化似乎与这一功能不一致。回顾几十年来对海马体功能的研究发现，许多观点似乎都聚焦于海马体在应激反应和情绪中起关键作用。这些海马体的潜在功能为研究成体神经发生的行为功能提供了新途径。相反，对缺乏成体神经发生的动物的研究，可能会出现比损伤更有限、更具体的损伤，这可能会为海马体的功能提供有价值的新见解。对海马体功能的全面理解必须解释其在情绪中的作用以及其情绪和记忆功能之间的关系。
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