Willis D, Harbit M D
Veterans Administration Medical Center, Iowa City, IA 52246.
J Neurosci Nurs. 1989 Jun;21(3):171-4. doi: 10.1097/01376517-198906000-00006.
An alarming number of people use cocaine, a drug surrounded with myths and misconceptions. Cocaine use is associated with many medical and psychiatric problems. It is now believed cocaine use may lead to subarachnoid hemorrhage. Cocaine stimulates the release of various neurotransmitters in the brain as well as blocks their uptake, causing a temporary surge in systolic blood pressure. The constant assault on the vessels from continuous cocaine use weakens them causing hemorrhage or possibly creates an aneurysm. This article explains how cocaine affects the blood vessels and neurotransmitters of the brain, reviews two case histories in which cocaine may have contributed to aneurysmal formation and subarachnoid hemorrhage and discusses nursing implications of cocaine related subarachnoid hemorrhage.
使用可卡因的人数多得惊人，这种药物充斥着各种神话和误解。使用可卡因与许多医学和精神问题有关。现在人们认为，使用可卡因可能会导致蛛网膜下腔出血。可卡因会刺激大脑中各种神经递质的释放，并阻止它们被重新摄取，从而导致收缩压暂时飙升。持续使用可卡因对血管造成的持续冲击会削弱血管，导致出血，或者可能形成动脉瘤。本文解释了可卡因如何影响大脑的血管和神经递质，回顾了两个可卡因可能导致动脉瘤形成和蛛网膜下腔出血的病例，并讨论了与可卡因相关的蛛网膜下腔出血的护理问题。
