Fadel Bahaa M, Alkalbani Ahmad, Husain Aysha, Dahdouh Ziad, Di Salvo Giovanni
King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Echocardiography. 2015 Apr;32(4):705-10. doi: 10.1111/echo.12757. Epub 2014 Sep 24.
The flow pattern in the hepatic veins (HVs) is dependent on the cardiac cycle and right heart hemodynamics and influenced by the respiratory cycle and the liver parenchyma. Most disease states that affect the right heart alter the HV Doppler in a manner independent of the respiratory cycle. Some diseases that typically involve the pericardium, right ventricular myocardium, or respiratory system confer characteristic changes to the HV flow in a manner dependent on the respiratory cycle. Analysis of the HV Doppler with assessment of the respiratory changes in flow and their timing helps to distinguish among the various disease states. In this manuscript, we discuss the effect of respiration on HV flow in patients with abnormal right heart function and illustrate the use of the respiratory changes in the HV Doppler as a tool for diagnosis.
肝静脉（HV）内的血流模式取决于心动周期和右心血流动力学，并受呼吸周期和肝实质的影响。大多数影响右心的疾病状态会以独立于呼吸周期的方式改变肝静脉多普勒血流。一些通常累及心包、右心室心肌或呼吸系统的疾病会以依赖于呼吸周期的方式使肝静脉血流产生特征性改变。分析肝静脉多普勒血流并评估血流的呼吸变化及其时间有助于区分各种疾病状态。在本手稿中，我们讨论了呼吸对右心功能异常患者肝静脉血流的影响，并阐述了将肝静脉多普勒血流的呼吸变化用作诊断工具的应用。
