Guezennec A G, Michel C, Bru K, Touze S, Desroche N, Mnif I, Motelica-Heino M
BRGM, Orléans Cedex 2, France,
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2015 May;22(9):6390-406. doi: 10.1007/s11356-014-3556-6. Epub 2014 Sep 26.
The aim of this review was to summarize information and scientific data from the literature dedicated to the fate of polyacrylamide (PAM)-based flocculants in hydrosystems. Flocculants, usually composed of PAMs, are widely used in several industrial fields, particularly in minerals extraction, to enhance solid/liquid separation in water containing suspended matter. These polymers can contain residual monomer of acrylamide (AMD), which is known to be a toxic compound. This review focuses on the mechanisms of transfer and degradation, which can affect both PAM and residual AMD, with a special attention given to the potential release of AMD during PAM degradation. Due to the ability of PAM to adsorb onto mineral particles, its transport in surface water, groundwater, and soils is rather limited and restricted to specific conditions. PAM can also be a subject of biodegradation, photodegradation, and mechanical degradation, but most of the studies report slow degradation rates without AMD release. On the contrary, the adsorption of AMD onto particles is very low, which could favor its transfer in surface waters and groundwater. However, AMD transfer is likely to be limited by quick microbial degradation.
本综述的目的是总结文献中有关水系统中聚丙烯酰胺（PAM）基絮凝剂归宿的信息和科学数据。絮凝剂通常由聚丙烯酰胺组成，广泛应用于多个工业领域，特别是在矿物提取中，以增强含悬浮物水中的固液分离。这些聚合物可能含有丙烯酰胺（AMD）残留单体，已知其为有毒化合物。本综述聚焦于转移和降解机制，这些机制可能影响聚丙烯酰胺和残留丙烯酰胺，特别关注聚丙烯酰胺降解过程中丙烯酰胺的潜在释放。由于聚丙烯酰胺能够吸附在矿物颗粒上，其在地表水、地下水和土壤中的迁移相当有限，且仅限于特定条件。聚丙烯酰胺也可能发生生物降解、光降解和机械降解，但大多数研究报告其降解速率缓慢且无丙烯酰胺释放。相反，丙烯酰胺在颗粒上的吸附非常低，这可能有利于其在地表水和地下水中的迁移。然而，丙烯酰胺的迁移可能会受到快速微生物降解的限制。
