Ouellet Michel, St-Pierre Christian, Tremblay Michel J, Sato Sachiko
Laboratory of Human Immuno-Retrovirology, Research Centre for Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Quebec, QC, Canada.
Methods Mol Biol. 2015;1207:397-420. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4939-1396-1_26.
Recent reports suggest that some galectins bind to enveloped viruses. They include influenza virus, human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1), human T-cell leukemia virus-1 (HTLV-1), and Nipah virus. It is also suggested that the interaction between viruses and galectins influences viral attachment to their susceptible cells, affecting the viral infectivity. Our work suggests that galectin-1 increases the infectivity of HIV-1 and HTVL-1. Indeed, galectin-1 promotes the initial adsorption of HIV-1 to CD4(+) cells through its binding to viral envelope gp120 and facilitates HIV-1 infection in a manner that is dependent on its recognition of β-galactoside residues. Thus, as galectin-1 can be considered as a pattern recognition receptor, HIV-1 exploits this host factor to promote its transmission or replication. In this chapter, we describe methods used to investigate this potential role of galectins in HIV-1 infection as a case in point for future studies on galectin-virus interactions.
最近的报告表明，一些半乳糖凝集素可与包膜病毒结合。这些病毒包括流感病毒、人类免疫缺陷病毒1型（HIV-1）、人类T细胞白血病病毒1型（HTLV-1）和尼帕病毒。也有研究表明，病毒与半乳糖凝集素之间的相互作用会影响病毒对其易感细胞的附着，进而影响病毒的感染性。我们的研究表明，半乳糖凝集素-1会增加HIV-1和HTVL-1的感染性。实际上，半乳糖凝集素-1通过与病毒包膜糖蛋白120结合，促进HIV-1对CD4(+)细胞的初始吸附，并以依赖于其对β-半乳糖苷残基识别的方式促进HIV-1感染。因此，由于半乳糖凝集素-1可被视为一种模式识别受体，HIV-1利用这种宿主因子来促进其传播或复制。在本章中，我们将描述用于研究半乳糖凝集素在HIV-1感染中的这一潜在作用的方法，以此作为未来对半乳糖凝集素-病毒相互作用研究的一个实例。
