Ruiz-Linares Andrés, Adhikari Kaustubh, Acuña-Alonzo Victor, Quinto-Sanchez Mirsha, Jaramillo Claudia, Arias William, Fuentes Macarena, Pizarro María, Everardo Paola, de Avila Francisco, Gómez-Valdés Jorge, León-Mimila Paola, Hunemeier Tábita, Ramallo Virginia, Silva de Cerqueira Caio C, Burley Mari-Wyn, Konca Esra, de Oliveira Marcelo Zagonel, Veronez Mauricio Roberto, Rubio-Codina Marta, Attanasio Orazio, Gibbon Sahra, Ray Nicolas, Gallo Carla, Poletti Giovanni, Rosique Javier, Schuler-Faccini Lavinia, Salzano Francisco M, Bortolini Maria-Cátira, Canizales-Quinteros Samuel, Rothhammer Francisco, Bedoya Gabriel, Balding David, Gonzalez-José Rolando
Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, and UCL Genetics Institute, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, and UCL Genetics Institute, University College London, London, United Kingdom; National Institute of Anthropology and History, México City, México.
PLoS Genet. 2014 Sep 25;10(9):e1004572. doi: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1004572. eCollection 2014 Sep.
The current genetic makeup of Latin America has been shaped by a history of extensive admixture between Africans, Europeans and Native Americans, a process taking place within the context of extensive geographic and social stratification. We estimated individual ancestry proportions in a sample of 7,342 subjects ascertained in five countries (Brazil, Chile, Colombia, México and Perú). These individuals were also characterized for a range of physical appearance traits and for self-perception of ancestry. The geographic distribution of admixture proportions in this sample reveals extensive population structure, illustrating the continuing impact of demographic history on the genetic diversity of Latin America. Significant ancestry effects were detected for most phenotypes studied. However, ancestry generally explains only a modest proportion of total phenotypic variation. Genetically estimated and self-perceived ancestry correlate significantly, but certain physical attributes have a strong impact on self-perception and bias self-perception of ancestry relative to genetically estimated ancestry.
拉丁美洲目前的基因构成是由非洲人、欧洲人和美洲原住民之间广泛混合的历史所塑造的，这一过程发生在广泛的地理和社会分层背景下。我们在五个国家（巴西、智利、哥伦比亚、墨西哥和秘鲁）确定的7342名受试者样本中估计了个体祖先比例。这些个体还具有一系列外貌特征以及祖先自我认知特征。该样本中混合比例的地理分布揭示了广泛的种群结构，说明了人口历史对拉丁美洲遗传多样性的持续影响。对于所研究的大多数表型，检测到了显著的祖先效应。然而，祖先通常仅解释了总表型变异的适度比例。基因估计的祖先和自我认知的祖先显著相关，但某些身体属性对自我认知有强烈影响，并相对于基因估计的祖先使祖先自我认知产生偏差。
