Furlan Fernando Henrique, Zanata Carina, Damasceno Everson Dos Santos, de Oliveira Leonardo Pintar, da Silva Leilane Aparecida, Colodel Edson Moleta, Riet-Correa Franklin
Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Veterinary Hospital, University Campus of Sinop, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Sinop, MT, Brazil.
Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Veterinary Hospital, University Campus of Sinop, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Sinop, MT, Brazil.
Toxicon. 2014 Dec 15;92:24-30. doi: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2014.09.007. Epub 2014 Sep 27.
The epidemiological, clinical and pathological findings of field and experimental Senna obtusifolia (sicklepod; coffee senna) poisoning in cattle are described. The low availability of good quality forage and high rate of infestation of pastures by S. obtusifolia were the factors that led to poisonous plant ingestion. In this study, the morbidity ranged between 2% and 27.9%, and the lethality was 100%. For the experimental study, six cattle were fed with the aerial parts of S. obtusifolia collected in three different seasons at 9%-38% of the animal's body weight. The experimental and field diseases were similar. The main clinical signs were diarrhea, reluctance to move, muscular weakness and recumbency. The gross findings included pale discoloration of the skeletal muscle. Microscopically, the affected cattle showed degeneration and necrosis of the skeletal muscles and occasionally of the cardiac muscles. Additionally, two cattle showed centrilobular hepatic necrosis. In this study, S. obtusifolia collected from the same farm showed seasonal variation in toxicity. Poisoning by S. obtusifolia is an important cause of death of cattle in the Central Western region of Brazil. The toxicosis caused by this plant is similar to S. occidentalis poisoning; however, in S. obtusifolia poisoning, acute hepatic necrosis is sometimes present.
本文描述了牛食用田间和实验性采集的钝叶决明（镰荚苜蓿；咖啡决明）后的流行病学、临床和病理学发现。优质牧草供应不足以及钝叶决明在牧场的高侵染率是导致牛摄入有毒植物的因素。在本研究中，发病率在2%至27.9%之间，致死率为100%。在实验研究中，给6头牛喂食了在三个不同季节采集的钝叶决明地上部分，喂食量为动物体重的9%至38%。实验性疾病和田间疾病相似。主要临床症状为腹泻、不愿走动、肌肉无力和卧地不起。大体检查结果包括骨骼肌苍白变色。显微镜下，患病牛表现出骨骼肌变性和坏死，偶尔也有心肌变性和坏死。此外，两头牛出现小叶中央性肝坏死。在本研究中，从同一农场采集的钝叶决明毒性存在季节性变化。钝叶决明中毒是巴西中西部地区牛死亡的一个重要原因。这种植物引起的中毒与西方决明中毒相似；然而，在钝叶决明中毒中，有时会出现急性肝坏死。
