Halloway Shannon, Buchholz Susan Weber, Wilbur JoEllen, Schoeny Michael E
Rush University, Chicago, IL, USA
Rush University, Chicago, IL, USA.
West J Nurs Res. 2015 Jan;37(1):103-23. doi: 10.1177/0193945914551006. Epub 2014 Sep 25.
Prehabilitation aims to increase physical activity and improve physical fitness prior to elective surgery to improve postoperative outcomes. This integrative review examined the effect of prehabilitation randomized clinical trial (RCT) interventions on physical activity behavior and physical fitness in older adults. Seven studies met the search criteria. In two studies, effect sizes from baseline to the preoperative period exceeded d = .2, specifically in physical activity and in the physical-fitness dimensions of strength, cardiorespiratory fitness, and flexibility. For the effect sizes between baseline and the postoperative period, five studies had positive effects greater than d = .2 in strength, flexibility, balance, and speed. This review demonstrated that prehabilitation continues to be important to physical activity and physical-fitness research because it may improve physical-fitness measures and have implications for multiple dimensions of health in older adults.
术前康复旨在增加择期手术前的身体活动并提高身体素质，以改善术后结果。本系统评价考察了术前康复随机临床试验（RCT）干预措施对老年人身体活动行为和身体素质的影响。七项研究符合检索标准。在两项研究中，从基线期到术前阶段的效应量超过d = 0.2，特别是在身体活动以及力量、心肺适能和柔韧性等身体素质维度方面。对于基线期和术后阶段之间的效应量，五项研究在力量、柔韧性、平衡和速度方面有大于d = 0.2的积极效应。本评价表明，术前康复对于身体活动和身体素质研究仍然很重要，因为它可能改善身体素质指标，并对老年人健康的多个维度产生影响。
