GEMMA - Group of Environmental Engineering and Microbiology, Department of Hydraulic, Maritime and Environmental Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya·BarcelonaTech, c/Jordi Girona 1-3, Building D1, E-08034 Barcelona, Spain.
INRA, UR0050, Laboratoire de Biotechnologie de l'Environnement, Avenue des Etangs, Narbonne F-11100, France.
Bioresour Technol. 2014 Nov;172:403-412. doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.08.114. Epub 2014 Sep 6.
Microalgae have been intensively studied as a source of biomass for replacing conventional fossil fuels in the last decade. The optimization of biomass production, harvesting and downstream processing is necessary for enabling its full-scale application. Regarding biofuels, biogas production is limited by the characteristics of microalgae, in particular the complex cell wall structure of most algae species. Therefore, pretreatment methods have been investigated for microalgae cell wall disruption and biomass solubilization before undergoing anaerobic digestion. This paper summarises the state of the art of different pretreatment techniques used for improving microalgae anaerobic biodegradability. Pretreatments were divided into 4 categories: (i) thermal; (ii) mechanical; (iii) chemical and (iv) biological methods. According to experimental results, all of them are effective at increasing biomass solubilization and methane yield, pretreatment effect being species dependent. Pilot-scale research is still missing and would help evaluating the feasibility of full-scale implementation.
在过去十年中，微藻作为替代传统化石燃料的生物质资源受到了广泛关注。为了实现其大规模应用，有必要对生物质的生产、收获和下游加工进行优化。在沼气生产方面，微藻的特性限制了其发展，特别是大多数藻类物种复杂的细胞壁结构。因此，在进行厌氧消化之前，已经研究了预处理方法来破坏微藻细胞壁并溶解生物质。本文总结了不同预处理技术在提高微藻厌氧生物降解性方面的应用现状。预处理方法可分为四类：（i）热法；（ii）机械法；（iii）化学法和（iv）生物法。根据实验结果，所有这些方法都能有效提高生物质的溶解率和甲烷产量，预处理效果取决于物种。目前仍缺少中试研究，这将有助于评估其在大规模应用中的可行性。
