Discipline of Physiotherapy, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland.
School of Sport, Health and Applied Science, St Mary's University, Twickenham, Middlesex, London, UK.
Br J Sports Med. 2014 Nov;48(21):1534-7. doi: 10.1136/bjsports-2014-093968. Epub 2014 Sep 25.
The most commonly reported injury site in rowers is the lower back. Research in recent years has focused on epidemiology and biomechanical analyses to try and understand mechanisms that contribute to this injury's onset. Injury surveillance mainly comprises retrospective questionnaires and reviews of medical records with a lack of prospective data. Of studies that reported 12-month data, the incidence of low back pain ranged from 31.8 to 51% of the cohort. Of the limited studies that specifically examined low back pain in rowers, (1) history of lumbar spine injury and (2) volume of ergometer training were the most significant risk factors for injury onset. Studies of technique on the rowing ergometer have indicated the importance of lumbopelvic rotation during rowing. Greater pelvic rotation at either end of the stroke is ideal-as opposed to lumbar flexion and extension; this tends to be poorly demonstrated in novice rowers on ergometers. Furthermore, technique can deteriorate with the demands of rowing intensity and duration, which puts the rower returning from injury at additional risk.
划艇运动员最常报告受伤的部位是下背部。近年来的研究集中在流行病学和生物力学分析上，试图了解导致这种损伤发生的机制。损伤监测主要包括回顾性问卷调查和病历审查，缺乏前瞻性数据。在报告 12 个月数据的研究中，下背痛的发病率在队列中的比例为 31.8%至 51%。在专门研究划艇运动员下背痛的有限研究中，（1）腰椎损伤史和（2）测功仪训练量是损伤发生的最显著危险因素。对划桨测功仪技术的研究表明，在划桨过程中腰椎骨盆旋转的重要性。在划桨过程中，理想的情况是骨盆在划桨的两端都有较大的旋转，而不是腰椎的屈伸；这在新手划桨者在测功仪上表现得很差。此外，随着划桨强度和持续时间的增加，技术可能会恶化，这使得受伤后恢复的划桨者面临更大的风险。
