Ze Xu, Zhang Shuo, Long Xingnian, Zhou Peng
Department of Physical Education, Shanghai University of Engineering and Technology, Shanghai, 201620, China.
WuHan Sport University, Wuhan, 430079, China.
BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil. 2025 Jul 2;17(1):157. doi: 10.1186/s13102-025-01153-y.
Low back pain (LBP) is a prevalent injury among rowers, impacting their careers and potentially causing disability. However, the risk factors for LBP in rowers are still unclear, with most existing studies focusing on individual factors and lacking comprehensive meta-analyses.
This systematic review and meta-analysis, following PRISMA guidelines, conducted comprehensive searches in PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Medrxiv without publication date restrictions. Pooled odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using a random-effects model to account for heterogeneity. Sensitivity analyses assessed result robustness by excluding individual studies, and meta-regression explored potential heterogeneity sources. The study protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42024590865).
A total of 2,081articles were retrieved, and 10 studies (N = 2,082) were included in the analysis after screening. These comprised 7 cross-sectional and 3 cohort studies, with an average quality score of 7.4. Meta-analysis results showed that age (OR = 1.05, 95% CI: 0.98-1.12), sex (OR = 1.37, 95% CI: 0.63-2.95), BMI (OR = 1.00, 95% CI: 0.91-1.11), competitive level (OR = 1.45, 95% CI: 0.86-2.45), training volume (OR = 1.26, 95% CI: 0.83-1.91), rowing type (OR = 0.69, 95% CI: 0.21-2.25), and Number of years rowing (OR = 1.02, 95% CI: 0.92-1.13) were not significantly associated with low back pain (LBP) in rowers. In contrast, a history of previous LBP (OR = 2.65, 95% CI: 1.86-3.78) was significantly associated with LBP in this population.
Previous low back pain (LBP) is significantly associated with LBP in rowers. Future work requires more high-quality prospective studies to elucidate risk factors and support evidence-based prevention and rehabilitation strategies for rowers.
腰痛（LBP）是赛艇运动员中常见的损伤，影响他们的职业生涯，并可能导致残疾。然而，赛艇运动员腰痛的风险因素仍不明确，大多数现有研究集中在个体因素上，缺乏全面的荟萃分析。
本系统评价和荟萃分析遵循PRISMA指南，在PubMed、Web of Science、Embase和Medrxiv中进行了全面检索，无出版日期限制。使用随机效应模型计算合并比值比（OR）和95%置信区间（CI），以考虑异质性。敏感性分析通过排除个别研究评估结果的稳健性，荟萃回归探索潜在的异质性来源。研究方案已在PROSPERO（CRD42024590865）注册。
共检索到2081篇文章，筛选后纳入分析的有10项研究（N = 2082）。这些研究包括7项横断面研究和3项队列研究，平均质量评分为7.4。荟萃分析结果显示，年龄（OR = 1.05，95% CI：0.98 - 1.12）、性别（OR = 1.37，95% CI：0.63 - 2.95）、体重指数（BMI）（OR = 1.00，95% CI：0.91 - 1.11）、竞技水平（OR = 1.45，95% CI：0.86 - 2.45）、训练量（OR = 1.26，95% CI：0.83 - 1.91）、赛艇类型（OR = 0.69，95% CI：0.21 - 2.25）和赛艇年限（OR = 1.02，95% CI：0.92 - 1.13）与赛艇运动员的腰痛（LBP）无显著相关性。相比之下，既往腰痛史（OR = 2.65，95% CI：1.86 - 3.78）与该人群的腰痛显著相关。
既往腰痛与赛艇运动员的腰痛显著相关。未来的工作需要更多高质量的前瞻性研究来阐明风险因素，并支持赛艇运动员基于证据的预防和康复策略。
