Luo Qian, Chen Xichao, Wei Zi, Xu Xiong, Wang Donghong, Wang Zijian
Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China; Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
J Chromatogr A. 2014 Oct 24;1365:45-53. doi: 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.09.003. Epub 2014 Sep 6.
When iodide and natural organic matter are present in raw water, the formation of iodo-trihalomethanes (Iodo-THMs), haloacetonitriles (HANs), and halonitromethanes (HNMs) pose a potential health risk because they have been reported to be more toxic than their brominated or chlorinated analogs. In the work, simultaneous analysis of Iodo-THMs, HANs, and HNMs in drinking water samples in a single cleanup and chromatographic analysis was proposed. The DVB/CAR/PDMS fiber was found to be the most suitable for all target compounds, although 75μm CAR/PDMS was better for chlorinated HANs and 65μm PDMS/DVB for brominated HNMs. After optimization of the SPME parameters (DVB/CAR/PDMS fiber, extraction time of 30min at 40°C, addition of 40% w/v of salt, (NH4)2SO4 as a quenching agent, and desorption time of 3min at 170°C), detection limits ranged from 1 to 50ng/L for different analogs, with a linear range of at least two orders of magnitude. Good recoveries (78.6-104.7%) were obtained for spiked samples of a wide range of treated drinking waters, demonstrating that the method is applicable for analysis of real drinking water samples. Matrix effects were negligible for the treated water samples with total organic carbon concentration of less than 2.9mg/L. An effective survey conducted by two drinking water treatment plants showed the highest proportion of Iodo-THMs, HANs, and HNMs occurred in treated water, and concentrations of 13 detected compounds ranged between the ng/L and the μg/L levels.
当原水中存在碘化物和天然有机物时，碘代三卤甲烷（Iodo-THMs）、卤代乙腈（HANs）和卤代硝基甲烷（HNMs）的形成会带来潜在的健康风险，因为据报道它们比其溴化或氯化类似物毒性更大。在这项工作中，提出了在一次净化和色谱分析中同时分析饮用水样品中的碘代三卤甲烷、卤代乙腈和卤代硝基甲烷。结果发现，DVB/CAR/PDMS纤维最适合所有目标化合物，不过75μm CAR/PDMS对氯化卤代乙腈更好，65μm PDMS/DVB对溴化卤代硝基甲烷更好。在优化了固相微萃取参数（DVB/CAR/PDMS纤维、40°C下萃取30分钟、添加40% w/v的盐、(NH4)2SO4作为猝灭剂以及170°C下解吸3分钟）后，不同类似物的检测限在1至50ng/L之间，线性范围至少为两个数量级。对于多种处理后的饮用水加标样品，回收率良好（78.6 - 104.7%），表明该方法适用于实际饮用水样品的分析。对于总有机碳浓度小于2.9mg/L的处理后水样，基质效应可忽略不计。两家饮用水处理厂进行的有效调查显示，碘代三卤甲烷、卤代乙腈和卤代硝基甲烷在处理后的水中占比最高，检测到的13种化合物浓度在ng/L至μg/L水平之间。
