Dong Baijun, Minze Laurie J, Xue Wei, Chen Wenhao
Department of Urology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200127, P.R., China.
Expert Rev Clin Immunol. 2014 Nov;10(11):1547-57. doi: 10.1586/1744666X.2014.962515. Epub 2014 Sep 26.
Using a patient's own immune system to fight cancer is a highly active area of cancer research. Four years ago, sipuleucel-T became the first approved cancer vaccine, which was developed to enhance T-cell immunity against metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. Other prostate cancer vaccines, including a viral-based vaccine PROSTVAC-VF and a cellular vaccine GVAX, are in development. Moreover, several clinical trials are investigating the role of immune checkpoint blockade in the treatment of prostate cancer. Ipilimumab and nivolumab are potent T cell checkpoint inhibitors that reverse immunologic tolerance in multiple types of cancers. Here we discuss the mechanisms underlying antitumor T cell responses as well as the development of immunotherapies for prostate cancer.
利用患者自身的免疫系统来对抗癌症是癌症研究中一个非常活跃的领域。四年前，sipuleucel-T成为首个获批的癌症疫苗，它被开发用于增强针对转移性去势抵抗性前列腺癌的T细胞免疫。其他前列腺癌疫苗，包括基于病毒的疫苗PROSTVAC-VF和细胞疫苗GVAX，也在研发中。此外，多项临床试验正在研究免疫检查点阻断在前列腺癌治疗中的作用。伊匹单抗和纳武单抗是强效的T细胞检查点抑制剂，可逆转多种癌症中的免疫耐受。在此，我们讨论抗肿瘤T细胞反应的潜在机制以及前列腺癌免疫疗法的发展。
