School of Health and Social Development, Deakin University, Burwood, Australia.
Obes Rev. 2014 Dec;15(12):968-82. doi: 10.1111/obr.12224. Epub 2014 Sep 29.
Previous school obesity-prevention reviews have included multi-component interventions. Here, we aimed to review the evidence for the effect of isolated food environment interventions on both eating behaviours (including food purchasing) and/or body weight. Five electronic databases were searched (last updated 30 November 2013). Of the 1,002 unique papers identified, 55 reported on school food environment changes, based on a review of titles and abstracts. Thirty-seven further papers were excluded, for not meeting the inclusion criteria. The final selection consisted of 18 papers (14 United States, 4 United Kingdom). Two studies had a body mass index (BMI) outcome, 14 assessed purchasing or eating behaviours and two studies assessed both weight and behaviour. Seventeen of 18 papers reported a positive outcome on either BMI (or change in BMI) or the healthfulness of food sold or consumed. Two studies were rated as strong quality and 11 as weak. Only three studies included a control group. A school environment supportive of healthy eating is essential to combat heavy marketing of unhealthy food. Modification of the school food environment (including high-level policy changes at state or national level) can have a positive impact on eating behaviours. A need exists, however, for further high-quality studies.
先前的学校肥胖预防综述包括多组分干预措施。在这里，我们旨在综述单独的食物环境干预措施对饮食行为（包括食物购买）和/或体重的影响的证据。我们检索了五个电子数据库（最后更新日期为 2013 年 11 月 30 日）。在确定的 1002 篇独特的论文中，根据标题和摘要的审查，有 55 篇报告了学校食物环境的变化。有 37 篇进一步的论文因不符合纳入标准而被排除。最终选择包括 18 篇论文（美国 14 篇，英国 4 篇）。两项研究有体重指数（BMI）的结果，14 项评估购买或饮食行为，两项研究同时评估体重和行为。18 篇论文中有 17 篇报告了 BMI（或 BMI 的变化）或所售或所食用食物的健康程度有积极的结果。两项研究被评为质量高，11 项研究被评为质量低。只有三项研究包括对照组。支持健康饮食的学校环境对于对抗不健康食品的大量营销至关重要。学校食物环境的改变（包括州或国家层面的高级别政策改变）可以对饮食行为产生积极影响。然而，需要进一步进行高质量的研究。
