Foresta C, Noventa M, De Toni L, Gizzo S, Garolla A
Department of Medicine and Centre for Human Reproduction Pathology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
Andrology. 2015 Mar;3(2):163-73. doi: 10.1111/andr.284. Epub 2014 Oct 1.
The objectives of this study were to investigate the implications of human papillomavirus (HPV) sperm infection on male fertility, impairment of sperm parameters, and possible alteration of sperm nuclear status and to identify a possible effective management of infertile men with HPV sperm infection. We employed a systematic review and clinical management proposal at the Centers for Reproductive and Health care for treating infertile male patients with HPV infection. Literature search was carried out in electronic databases in the last two decades. We focused our attention on: (i) HPV sperm prevalence (ii) HPV-related alteration of sperm parameters; (iii) molecular mechanisms of HPV semen infection and infertility. The main outcome measures were HPV prevalence in infertile male patients and semen parameters. The prevalence of HPV sperm infection ranges between 2 and 31% in men from general population and between 10 and 35.7% in men affected by unexplained infertility. The presence of HPV in semen is associated with an impairment of sperm motility and the presence of anti-sperm antibodies. The molecular mechanisms underlying impairment of sperm motility apparatus need further evaluations. A greater attention should be applied to assess HPV sperm infection, particularly in men undergoing assisted reproduction techniques cycle for male infertility or sperm banking. It would be useful to perform HPV test and fluorescent in situ hybridization analysis for HPV in semen from these patients both at first admission, to define the possible presence and localization of semen infection, and after 6 months, to assess the possible virus clearance retrieval on normal sperm parameters.
本研究的目的是调查人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）感染精子对男性生育能力、精子参数受损以及精子核状态可能改变的影响，并确定对HPV感染精子的不育男性可能有效的管理方法。我们在生殖与医疗保健中心采用系统评价和临床管理建议来治疗HPV感染的不育男性患者。在过去二十年中在电子数据库中进行了文献检索。我们重点关注：（i）HPV感染精子的患病率；（ii）HPV相关的精子参数改变；（iii）HPV精液感染和不育的分子机制。主要观察指标为不育男性患者中HPV的患病率和精液参数。在普通人群中，HPV感染精子的患病率在2%至31%之间，在不明原因不育的男性中在10%至35.7%之间。精液中HPV的存在与精子活力受损和抗精子抗体的存在有关。精子运动装置受损的分子机制需要进一步评估。应更加关注评估HPV感染精子的情况，尤其是在接受辅助生殖技术周期治疗男性不育或精子库保存的男性中。对这些患者初次入院时的精液进行HPV检测和HPV荧光原位杂交分析，以确定精液感染的可能存在和定位，并在6个月后评估病毒清除情况及精子参数恢复正常的情况，这将是有用的。
