Priam Armin, Bozec Antoine Le, Meireles Vasco Dias, Saint Fabien, Cabry Rosalie, Benkhalifa Moncef, Demey Baptiste, Bosquet Dorian
Urology Department, Amiens University Hospital Center, Amiens 80000, France.
Reproductive Medicine Department, Amiens University Hospital Center, Amiens 80000, France.
Asian J Androl. 2025 Mar 1;27(2):196-203. doi: 10.4103/aja202458. Epub 2024 Oct 22.
We aim to study the semen carriage of human papillomavirus (HPV) and evaluate its association with patient characteristics. We conduct a single-center cohort study at Amiens University Hospital Center (Amiens, France). From May 1 to October 31, 2021, 461 men consulting for infertility and with semen analysis data were included. Each participant gave his written informed consent for the use of laboratory, demographic, clinical, and lifestyle data. A proportion of the semen samples were sent to a virology laboratory for HPV screening in a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay. In univariate and multivariate analyses with a logistic regression model, HPV + and HPV - groups were compared with regard to semen characteristics (including the DNA fragmentation index and the sperm decondensation index) and demographic, clinical, and lifestyle variables. Semen HPV carriage was detected in 22.3% of the patients. High-oncogenic-risk HPV genotypes were predominant (57.6%). Multivariate analysis showed that HPV carriage was significantly associated with the presence of at least one abnormal spermogram dinging (according to the 6 th World Health Organization criteria), with an adjusted odds ratio (OR) of 4.10 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.32-7.25, P < 0.001). A statistically significant association was also found for the type of infertility (OR: 1.61, 95% CI: 1.00-2.57, P = 0.05), the presence of varicocele (OR: 3.99, 95% CI: 1.48-10.71, P = 0.01), and a history of cryptorchidism, testicular ectopia, or monorchidism (OR: 3.54, 95% CI: 1.07-11.66, P = 0.04). Infection with a single HPV genotype or multiple HPV genotypes was significantly associated with at least one abnormal spermogram finding for all HPV oncogenic risk groups (OR: 3.93, 95% CI: 2.08-7.41, P < 0.001; and OR: 4.11, 95% CI: 1.58-10.68, P = 0.01, respectively). The association between sperm HPV carriage and the risk of infertility was statistically significant in a multivariate analysis (OR: 5.63, 95% CI: 3.16-10.01, P < 0.001) and after adjustment for the propensity score (OR: 6.10, 95% CI: 3.33-11.21, P < 0.001). Our results suggest that semen HPV carriage has an impact on male fertility. Sperm screening for HPV might be a useful addition to the work-up for male infertility.
我们旨在研究人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）在精液中的携带情况，并评估其与患者特征的关联。我们在法国亚眠大学医院中心进行了一项单中心队列研究。在2021年5月1日至10月31日期间，纳入了461名因不育前来咨询且有精液分析数据的男性。每位参与者均书面知情同意使用其实验室、人口统计学、临床和生活方式数据。一部分精液样本被送往病毒学实验室，采用聚合酶链反应（PCR）检测法进行HPV筛查。在使用逻辑回归模型进行的单变量和多变量分析中，比较了HPV阳性和HPV阴性组在精液特征（包括DNA碎片化指数和精子去浓缩指数）以及人口统计学、临床和生活方式变量方面的差异。在22.3%的患者中检测到精液HPV携带。高致癌风险的HPV基因型占主导（57.6%）。多变量分析显示，HPV携带与至少一项异常精液检查结果（根据世界卫生组织第6版标准）显著相关，校正后的优势比（OR）为4.10（95%置信区间[CI]：2.32 - 7.25，P < 0.001）。在不育类型（OR：1.61，95% CI：1.00 - 2.57，P = 0.05）、精索静脉曲张的存在（OR：3.99，95% CI：1.48 - 10.71，P = 0.01）以及隐睾症、睾丸异位或单睾症病史（OR：3.54，95% CI：1.07 - 11.66，P = 0.04）方面也发现了具有统计学意义的关联。对于所有HPV致癌风险组，感染单一HPV基因型或多种HPV基因型均与至少一项异常精液检查结果显著相关（分别为OR：3.93，95% CI：2.08 - 7.41，P < 0.001；以及OR：4.11，95% CI：1.58 - 10.68，P = 0.01）。在多变量分析中（OR：5.63，95% CI：3.16 - 10.01，P < 0.001）以及在对倾向得分进行调整后（OR：6.10，95% CI：3.33 - 11.21，P < 0.001），精子HPV携带与不育风险之间的关联具有统计学意义。我们的结果表明，精液HPV携带对男性生育能力有影响。对精子进行HPV筛查可能是男性不育检查中的一项有用补充。
