Vizán Pedro, Beringer Malte, Ballaré Cecilia, Di Croce Luciano
Centre for Genomic Regulation, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain.
FEBS J. 2015 May;282(9):1723-35. doi: 10.1111/febs.13083. Epub 2014 Oct 25.
The Polycomb group (PcG) of proteins form chromatin-binding complexes with histone-modifying activity. The two main PcG repressive complexes studied (PRC1 and PRC2) are generally associated with chromatin in its repressed state. PRC2 is responsible for methylation of histone H3 at lysine 27 (H3K27me3), an epigenetic mark that is linked with numerous biological processes, including development, adult homeostasis and cancer. The core canonical complex PRC2, which contains the EZH1/2, SUZ12 and EED proteins, may be extended and functionally manipulated through interactions with several other proteins. In this review, we focus on these PRC2-associated proteins. As PRC2 functions are diverse, the variability conferred by these sub-stoichiometrically associated members may help to understand specific changes in PRC2 activity, chromatin recruitment and distribution required for gene repression.
多梳蛋白家族（PcG）形成具有组蛋白修饰活性的染色质结合复合物。所研究的两种主要的PcG抑制复合物（PRC1和PRC2）通常与处于抑制状态的染色质相关。PRC2负责组蛋白H3赖氨酸27位点的甲基化（H3K27me3），这是一种表观遗传标记，与众多生物学过程相关，包括发育、成体稳态和癌症。核心经典复合物PRC2包含EZH1/2、SUZ12和EED蛋白，它可能通过与其他几种蛋白质的相互作用而得到扩展并在功能上受到调控。在本综述中，我们聚焦于这些与PRC2相关的蛋白质。由于PRC2的功能多种多样，这些亚化学计量相关成员所带来的变异性可能有助于理解基因抑制所需的PRC2活性、染色质募集和分布的特定变化。
