Zhan Shuai, Zhang Wei, Niitepõld Kristjan, Hsu Jeremy, Haeger Juan Fernández, Zalucki Myron P, Altizer Sonia, de Roode Jacobus C, Reppert Steven M, Kronforst Marcus R
1] Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China [2] Department of Ecology &Evolution, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA [3] Department of Neurobiology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts 01605, USA.
Department of Ecology &Evolution, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA.
Nature. 2014 Oct 16;514(7522):317-21. doi: 10.1038/nature13812. Epub 2014 Oct 1.
The monarch butterfly, Danaus plexippus, is famous for its spectacular annual migration across North America, recent worldwide dispersal, and orange warning colouration. Despite decades of study and broad public interest, we know little about the genetic basis of these hallmark traits. Here we uncover the history of the monarch's evolutionary origin and global dispersal, characterize the genes and pathways associated with migratory behaviour, and identify the discrete genetic basis of warning colouration by sequencing 101 Danaus genomes from around the globe. The results rewrite our understanding of this classic system, showing that D. plexippus was ancestrally migratory and dispersed out of North America to occupy its broad distribution. We find the strongest signatures of selection associated with migration centre on flight muscle function, resulting in greater flight efficiency among migratory monarchs, and that variation in monarch warning colouration is controlled by a single myosin gene not previously implicated in insect pigmentation.
黑脉金斑蝶(Danaus plexippus)以其每年在北美壮观的迁徙、近期在全球范围的扩散以及橙色警戒色而闻名。尽管经过了数十年的研究且受到公众广泛关注,但我们对这些标志性特征的遗传基础却知之甚少。在此,我们揭示了黑脉金斑蝶进化起源和全球扩散的历史,描绘了与迁徙行为相关的基因和通路,并通过对全球各地的101个黑脉金斑蝶基因组进行测序,确定了警戒色的离散遗传基础。研究结果改写了我们对这个经典系统的认识,表明黑脉金斑蝶在祖先时期就具有迁徙习性,并从北美扩散开来,占据了其广阔的分布范围。我们发现与迁徙相关的最强选择信号集中在飞行肌肉功能上,这使得迁徙的黑脉金斑蝶飞行效率更高,并且黑脉金斑蝶警戒色的变异由一个先前未涉及昆虫色素沉着的肌球蛋白基因控制。
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