伊朗儿童和青少年全国样本中垃圾食品消费与心理健康之间的关联：Caspian-IV研究

Association between junk food consumption and mental health in a national sample of Iranian children and adolescents: the CASPIAN-IV study.

作者信息

Zahedi Hoda, Kelishadi Roya, Heshmat Ramin, Motlagh Mohammad Esmaeil, Ranjbar Shirin Hasani, Ardalan Gelayol, Payab Moloud, Chinian Mohammad, Asayesh Hamid, Larijani Bagher, Qorbani Mostafa

机构信息

Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Department of Pediatrics, Child Growth and Development Research Center, and Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.

出版信息

Nutrition. 2014 Nov-Dec;30(11-12):1391-7. doi: 10.1016/j.nut.2014.04.014. Epub 2014 May 9.

DOI:10.1016/j.nut.2014.04.014

PMID:25280418

Abstract

OBJECTIVES

The consumption of high energy and low nutritional content foods, which are known as junk foods, has increased. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between junk food intake and mental health in a national sample of Iranian children and adolescents.

METHOD

Data were obtained from a surveillance system entitled CASPIAN-IV (Childhood and Adolescence Surveillance and Prevention of Adult Non communicable Disease) study of school students, ages 6 to 18 y in Iran. The students and their parents completed two sets of reliable questionnaires obtained from Global School Health Survey translated to Persian. The student questionnaire comprised several questions such as psychiatric distress (worry, depression, confusion, insomnia, anxiety, aggression, and worthless) and violent behaviors (physical fighting, being a victim, and bullying). The junk foods consisted of sweets, sweetened beverages, fast foods, and salty snacks.

RESULTS

In the sample of 13 486 children and adolescents, the frequency of junk food consumption was significantly associated with psychiatric distress (P < 0.001). There was a significant association between violent behaviors and intake of junk foods (P < 0.001) except for sweets, whereas the association between sweetened beverages consumption and being a victim was not significant (P > 0.05). Additionally, the results of logistic regression showed that daily consumption of sweetened beverages and snacks significantly increased the odds of self-reported psychiatric distress. Also, daily consumption of salty snacks was significantly associated with violent behavior, including physical fighting (odds ratio [OR], 1.39; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.21-1.60), being a victim (OR, 1.19; 95% CI, 1.04-1.37), and bullying (OR, 1.55; 95% CI, 1.32-1.82).

CONCLUSION

Junk food consumption may increase the risk for psychiatric distress and violent behaviors in children and adolescents. Improvement of eating habits toward healthier diets may be an effective approach for improving mental health.

摘要

目的

被称为垃圾食品的高能量、低营养食品的消费量有所增加。本研究的目的是在伊朗儿童和青少年的全国样本中评估垃圾食品摄入量与心理健康之间的关联。

方法

数据来自名为CASPIAN-IV（儿童和青少年成人非传染性疾病监测与预防）的伊朗6至18岁在校学生研究的监测系统。学生及其家长完成了两套从全球学校健康调查翻译而来的可靠问卷，问卷已翻译成波斯语。学生问卷包含几个问题，如精神痛苦（担忧、抑郁、困惑、失眠、焦虑、攻击性和无价值感）和暴力行为（肢体打架、成为受害者和欺凌）。垃圾食品包括甜食、含糖饮料、快餐和咸味小吃。

结果

在13486名儿童和青少年的样本中，垃圾食品消费频率与精神痛苦显著相关（P<0.001）。除甜食外，暴力行为与垃圾食品摄入量之间存在显著关联（P<0.001），而含糖饮料消费与成为受害者之间的关联不显著（P>0.05）。此外，逻辑回归结果显示，每日饮用含糖饮料和吃零食显著增加了自我报告的精神痛苦几率。而且，每日食用咸味小吃与暴力行为显著相关，包括肢体打架（优势比[OR]，1.39；95%置信区间[CI]，1.21-1.60）、成为受害者（OR，1.19；95%CI，1.04-1.37）和欺凌（OR，1.55；95%CI，1.32-1.82）。