Zhou Wen-Jie, Xu Xiang-Long, Li Ge, Sharma Manoj, Qie Ya-Ling, Zhao Yong
School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, China.
Health Promotion & Education, University of Cincinnati, USA.
Glob Health Promot. 2016 Mar;23(1):37-49. doi: 10.1177/1757975914552914. Epub 2014 Oct 3.
Health behavioral patterns, especially eating patterns, established in childhood often carry over into adulthood, and some of the unhealthy ones are later associated with adult morbidity and mortality. Recently, a few nutrition and food safety education programs have been implemented in primary and junior high schools in China.
This study aims to examine the effectiveness of a school-based nutrition and food safety education program among primary and junior high school students in China.
A mixed study design incorporating an intervention study and a quantitative survey was conducted for this research. With stratified cluster sampling, students from the 5(th) and 6(th) grade in one primary school and the 7(th) and 8(th) grade in one junior high school in Chongqing, China, were all selected and separated randomly into an intervention group (n = 501) and a control group (n = 522). Effectiveness evaluation investigations were performed at the initial time and nine-month follow-up (n = 472), respectively. Effectiveness of pre-/post-intervention and nine-month follow-up changes in scores of nutrition knowledge and food safety was assessed using a two-tailed t-test and analysis of variance.
Nutrition knowledge scores for the intervention group were mean 9.03, SD±2.75 at the baseline, and 14.70±3.28 after intervention. There was a significant improvement (t = 29.78, p < 0.01). The nine-month follow-up knowledge scores of the intervention group were 12.35±2.89, which were lower than the immediately after the intervention group (t = 12.40, p<0.01), but higher than those of the baseline level (t = 18.04, p < 0.01). Food safety scores of the post-intervention were higher (p < 0.01) than that of the control group in both pre-intervention and nine-month follow-up. The control group had no significant change in the pre-post intervention.
It is feasible and effective to improve nutrition and food safety knowledge among primary and junior high school students through school-based nutrition and food safety education programs.
儿童时期形成的健康行为模式，尤其是饮食模式，往往会延续至成年期，其中一些不健康的行为模式随后会与成人的发病率和死亡率相关联。最近，中国的一些中小学实施了一些营养与食品安全教育项目。
本研究旨在检验一项针对中国中小学生的校内营养与食品安全教育项目的效果。
本研究采用了一项结合干预研究和定量调查的混合研究设计。通过分层整群抽样，选取了中国重庆一所小学五年级和六年级以及一所初中七年级和八年级的学生，并将他们随机分为干预组（n = 501）和对照组（n = 522）。分别在初始阶段和九个月随访时（n = 472）进行效果评估调查。采用双尾t检验和方差分析评估干预前后及九个月随访时营养知识和食品安全得分的变化效果。
干预组的营养知识得分在基线时平均为9.03，标准差±2.75，干预后为14.70±3.28。有显著改善（t = 29.78，p < 0.01）。干预组九个月随访时的知识得分为12.35±2.89，低于干预后即刻组（t = 12.40，p<0.01），但高于基线水平（t = 18.04，p < 0.01）。干预后食品安全得分在干预前和九个月随访时均高于对照组（p < 0.01）。对照组干预前后无显著变化。
通过校内营养与食品安全教育项目提高中小学生的营养和食品安全知识是可行且有效的。
