Pees M, Zeh C, Filippich L J, Krautwald-Junghanns M-E
PD Dr. Michael Pees, Klinik für Vögel und Reptilien der Universität Leipzig, An den Tierkliniken 17, 04103 Leipzig, E-Mail:
Tierarztl Prax Ausg K Kleintiere Heimtiere. 2014;42(6):390-6. doi: 10.15654/TPK-131101. Epub 2014 Oct 6.
To evaluate the heart of free-living psittacine birds macroscopically and morphologically, and to compare the results to findings published for psittacine birds living in captivity to obtain information on the influence of bird keeping in a human environment on the psittacine heart.
In total, 84 wild-living cockatoos were examined, including 50 sulphur-crested cockatoos (Cacatua galerita), 31 galahs (Eolophus roseicapilla) and three long-billed corellas (Cacatua tenuirostris). The birds were euthanized because of a local cockatoo control program in Australia, and were examined pathologically within 8 hours of euthanasia. A macroscopic necropsy was performed, and the heart was assessed morphologically. Furthermore, a histological organ screening was conducted.
The birds demonstrated good body condition and excellent muscle condition. Except for some paleness of the heart muscle, none of the animals showed any pathological alteration of the heart or large vessels. The mean heart mass was 8.7 g for the sulphur-crested cockatoos, 5.3 g for the galahs and 8.6 g for the long-billed corellas. Independent of the species examined, a highly significant correlation was found between the heart and body masses (r = 0.91; p < 0.001), which was also confirmed as significant within the sulphur-crested cockatoo (r = 0.59; p < 0.001) and galah groups (r = 0.52; p = 0.003). This correlation can be used to calculate the expected heart mass based on the body mass, using the formula: heart mass (g) = 2.9 + 0.01 x body mass (g). In comparison to reports on Australian parakeets, the relative thickness of the heart muscle wall of the left ventricle found in this study was greater.
In comparison to psittacine birds kept in captivity, wild-living cockatoos have good body condition and rarely suffer from macroscopically detectable diseases of the heart or large vessels. The cardiac fitness level is superior in comparison to that found in healthy appearing psittacine birds kept in captivity.
The results can serve as a basis for the assessment of the heart in psittacine birds, because in contrast to earlier reports, the heart of healthy psittacine birds not previously exposed to any human influence could be assessed.
对自由生活的鹦鹉类鸟类的心脏进行宏观和形态学评估，并将结果与圈养鹦鹉类鸟类的研究结果进行比较，以获取有关在人类环境中饲养鸟类对鹦鹉心脏影响的信息。
共检查了84只野生凤头鹦鹉，包括50只葵花凤头鹦鹉（白凤头鹦鹉）、31只粉红凤头鹦鹉和3只长嘴凤头鹦鹉。由于澳大利亚当地的凤头鹦鹉控制计划，这些鸟被安乐死，并在安乐死后8小时内进行病理检查。进行了宏观尸检，并对心脏进行了形态学评估。此外，还进行了组织学器官筛查。
这些鸟身体状况良好，肌肉状况极佳。除了心肌有些苍白外，没有一只动物的心脏或大血管出现任何病理改变。葵花凤头鹦鹉的平均心脏重量为8.7克，粉红凤头鹦鹉为5.3克，长嘴凤头鹦鹉为8.6克。无论检查的是哪种物种，心脏重量与体重之间都存在高度显著的相关性（r = 0.91；p < 0.001），在葵花凤头鹦鹉组（r = 0.59；p < 0.001）和粉红凤头鹦鹉组（r = 0.52；p = 0.003）中也被证实具有显著性。这种相关性可用于根据体重计算预期的心脏重量，公式为：心脏重量（克）= 2.9 + 0.01×体重（克）。与澳大利亚长尾小鹦鹉的报告相比，本研究中发现的左心室心肌壁相对厚度更大。
与圈养的鹦鹉类鸟类相比，野生凤头鹦鹉身体状况良好，很少患有宏观上可检测到的心脏或大血管疾病。与看起来健康的圈养鹦鹉类鸟类相比，其心脏健康水平更高。
这些结果可作为评估鹦鹉类鸟类心脏的基础，因为与早期报告不同，此次能够对未受任何人类影响的健康鹦鹉类鸟类的心脏进行评估。
