Wu Jason, Pan Dongfeng, Chung Leland W K
Uro-Oncology Research Program, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA.
Department of Radiology, The University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA.
Transl Androl Urol. 2013 Sep;2(3):254-264. doi: 10.3978/j.issn.2223-4683.2013.09.05.
Despite advances in the treatment of castration-resistant and bone metastatic prostate cancer (PCa), there is still no clear demonstration that PCa growth and metastases can be unambiguously detected. We review recent advances including our own development of near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF) and near-infrared nuclear (NIRN) imaging approaches. We validated our results in experimental models of PCa bone and soft tissue metastases including PCa colonization at metastatic sites by injecting PCa cells either intratibially or intracardiacally. We describe our experience using noninvasive imaging and targeting modalities to probe PCa tumors grown at metastatic sites, molecular studies to understand the multiple molecular and cellular processes within tumor cells and their interactions with the tumor microenvironment, and targeting tumor growth at metastatic bone site. In this review, current knowledge and emerging technologies based on NIRF and NIRN disciplines will be summarized. Additionally the mechanisms of differential uptake of these agents by normal and cancerous cells will be described.
尽管在去势抵抗性和骨转移性前列腺癌（PCa）的治疗方面取得了进展，但仍没有明确证据表明可以明确检测到PCa的生长和转移。我们回顾了近期的进展，包括我们自己开发的近红外荧光（NIRF）和近红外核（NIRN）成像方法。我们在PCa骨和软组织转移的实验模型中验证了我们的结果，包括通过胫骨内或心内注射PCa细胞在转移部位进行PCa定植。我们描述了我们使用非侵入性成像和靶向方式探测在转移部位生长的PCa肿瘤的经验、用于了解肿瘤细胞内多种分子和细胞过程及其与肿瘤微环境相互作用的分子研究，以及靶向转移骨部位的肿瘤生长。在本综述中，将总结基于NIRF和NIRN学科的当前知识和新兴技术。此外，还将描述这些试剂在正常细胞和癌细胞中差异摄取机制。
