Markina S S, Tymchakovskaia I M, Maksimova N M, Sukhorukova N L
Zh Mikrobiol Epidemiol Immunobiol. 1989 May(5):38-42.
In this work the characterization of the epidemic process of diphtheria infection on the territory of the RSFSR under the conditions of epidemiological surveillance (1983-1986) is presented. In comparison with the period of 1979-1982, an increase in morbidity rate occurred, which accounts for more complete detection of patients with mild forms of diphtheria, including persons found to be carriers of toxigenic Corynebacterium diphtheriae. Beginning from 1983, the leveling out of seasonal morbidity rises is observed. In the total number of persons affected by this infection the prevalence of adults is noted. Among them, a decrease in the morbidity rate was registered in 1986 (the maximum decrease was observed in age and professional groups of risk), which confirms the effectiveness of measures carried out for the protection of the adult population from diphtheria. Among children, a tendency towards a decrease in morbidity rate was noted in all age groups. The existing system of epidemiological surveillance on the territory of the RSFSR is capable of stabilizing diphtheria morbidity on a sporadic level and minimizing the number of fatal outcomes. The intensification of the epidemic process in some areas of the RSFSR is due to shortcomings in the realization of different measures of epidemiological surveillance.
本文介绍了在流行病学监测条件下（1983 - 1986年）俄罗斯联邦苏维埃社会主义共和国境内白喉感染流行过程的特征。与1979 - 1982年期间相比，发病率有所上升，这是因为对轻症白喉患者，包括携带产毒白喉棒状杆菌者的检测更加全面。从1983年开始，观察到季节性发病率上升趋于平稳。在受该感染影响的总人数中，成年人的患病率较高。其中，1986年发病率有所下降（在高危年龄和职业群体中下降最为明显），这证实了为保护成年人群免受白喉感染而采取措施的有效性。在儿童中，所有年龄组的发病率均有下降趋势。俄罗斯联邦苏维埃社会主义共和国境内现有的流行病学监测系统能够将白喉发病率稳定在散发水平，并将死亡人数降至最低。俄罗斯联邦苏维埃社会主义共和国某些地区疫情的加剧是由于流行病学监测的各项措施落实存在缺陷。
