Zelensky Alex, Kanaar Roland, Wyman Claire
Department of Genetics, Cancer Genomics Netherlands, Erasmus Medical Center Cancer Institute, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Department of Genetics, Cancer Genomics Netherlands, Erasmus Medical Center Cancer Institute, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands Department of Radiation Oncology, Erasmus Medical Center Cancer Institute, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol. 2014 Oct 9;6(12):a016451. doi: 10.1101/cshperspect.a016451.
Homologous DNA pairing and strand exchange are at the core of homologous recombination. These reactions are promoted by a DNA-strand-exchange protein assembled into a nucleoprotein filament comprising the DNA-pairing protein, ATP, and single-stranded DNA. The catalytic activity of this molecular machine depends on control of its dynamic instability by accessory factors. Here we discuss proteins known as recombination mediators that facilitate formation and functional activation of the DNA-strand-exchange protein filament. Although the basics of homologous pairing and DNA-strand exchange are highly conserved in evolution, differences in mediator function are required to cope with differences in how single-stranded DNA is packaged by the single-stranded DNA-binding protein in different species, and the biochemical details of how the different DNA-strand-exchange proteins nucleate and extend into a nucleoprotein filament. The set of (potential) mediator proteins has apparently expanded greatly in evolution, raising interesting questions about the need for additional control and coordination of homologous recombination in more complex organisms.
同源DNA配对和链交换是同源重组的核心。这些反应由组装成核蛋白丝的DNA链交换蛋白促进，该核蛋白丝包含DNA配对蛋白、ATP和单链DNA。这种分子机器的催化活性取决于辅助因子对其动态不稳定性的控制。在这里，我们讨论了被称为重组介质的蛋白质，它们促进DNA链交换蛋白丝的形成和功能激活。尽管同源配对和DNA链交换的基本原理在进化过程中高度保守，但介质功能的差异是为了应对不同物种中单链DNA结合蛋白包装单链DNA方式的差异，以及不同DNA链交换蛋白如何成核并延伸成核蛋白丝的生化细节。在进化过程中，（潜在的）介质蛋白的种类显然有了很大的扩展，这就引发了关于在更复杂的生物体中对同源重组进行额外控制和协调的必要性的有趣问题。
