Park Jong-Min, Han Na Young, Han Young-Min, Chung Mi Kyung, Lee Hoo Keun, Ko Kwang Hyun, Kim Eun-Hee, Hahm Ki Baik
Jong-Min Park, Young-Min Han, Mi Kyung Chung, Eun-Hee Kim, Ki Baik Hahm, CHA Cancer Prevention Research Center, CHA University, Seoul 135-081, South Korea.
World J Gastroenterol. 2014 Oct 7;20(37):13466-2476. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i37.13466.
Recent advances in genomic medicine have opened up the possibility of tailored medicine that may eventually replace traditional "one-size-fits all" approaches to the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). In addition to exploring the interactions between hosts and microbes, referred to as the microbiome, a variety of strategies that can be tailored to an individual in the coming era of personalized medicine in the treatment of IBD are being investigated. These include prompt genomic screening of patients at risk of developing IBD, the utility of molecular discrimination of IBD subtypes among patients diagnosed with IBD, and the discovery of proteome biomarkers to diagnose or predict cancer risks. Host genetic factors influence the etiology of IBD, as do microbial ecosystems in the human bowel, which are not uniform, but instead represent many different microhabitats that can be influenced by diet and might affect processes essential to bowel metabolism. Further advances in basic research regarding intestinal inflammation may reveal new insights into the role of inflammatory mediators, referred to as the inflammasome, and the macromolecular complex of metabolites formed by intestinal bacteria. Collectively, knowledge of the inflammasome and metagenomics will lead to the development of biomarkers for IBD that target specific pathogenic mechanisms involved in the spontaneous progress of IBD. In this review article, our recent results regarding the discovery of potential proteomic biomarkers using a label-free quantification technique are introduced and on-going projects contributing to either the discrimination of IBD subtypes or to the prediction of cancer risks are accompanied by updated information from IBD biomarker research.
基因组医学的最新进展为个性化医疗带来了可能性，这种医疗方式最终可能会取代传统的“一刀切”方法来治疗炎症性肠病（IBD）。除了探索宿主与微生物之间的相互作用（即微生物组）外，在即将到来的个性化医疗时代，针对IBD治疗的各种可针对个体量身定制的策略也正在研究中。这些策略包括对有患IBD风险的患者进行快速基因组筛查、在已确诊IBD的患者中对IBD亚型进行分子鉴别以及发现用于诊断或预测癌症风险的蛋白质组生物标志物。宿主遗传因素影响IBD的病因，人类肠道中的微生物生态系统也是如此，这些微生物生态系统并不统一，而是代表了许多不同的微生境，它们可能会受到饮食的影响，并可能影响肠道代谢所必需的过程。关于肠道炎症的基础研究的进一步进展可能会揭示炎症介质（即炎性小体）以及肠道细菌形成的代谢产物大分子复合物的新作用。总体而言，对炎性小体和宏基因组学的了解将导致开发针对IBD的生物标志物，这些标志物针对IBD自发进展中涉及的特定致病机制。在这篇综述文章中，我们介绍了使用无标记定量技术发现潜在蛋白质组生物标志物的最新结果，并介绍了有助于鉴别IBD亚型或预测癌症风险的正在进行的项目，同时还提供了IBD生物标志物研究的最新信息。
