McGill Ryan J, Busse R T
Department of Psychology and Philosophy, Texas Woman's University.
College of Educational Studies, Chapman University.
Sch Psychol Q. 2015 Sep;30(3):353-365. doi: 10.1037/spq0000094. Epub 2014 Oct 13.
This study is an examination of the incremental validity of Cattell-Horn-Carroll (CHC) broad clusters from the Woodcock-Johnson III Tests of Cognitive Abilities (WJ III COG) for predicting scores on the Woodcock-Johnson III Tests of Achievement (WJ III ACH). The participants were children and adolescents, ages 6-18 (n = 4,722), drawn from the WJ III standardization sample. The sample was nationally stratified and proportional to U.S. census estimates for race/ethnicity, parent education level, and geographic region. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses were used to assess for cluster-level effects after controlling for the variance accounted for by the General Intellectual Ability-Extended (GIA-E) composite score. The results were interpreted using the R²/ΔR² statistic as the effect size indicator. Consistent with previous studies, the GIA-E accounted for statistically and clinically significant portions of WJ III ACH cluster score variance, with R2 values ranging from .29 to .56. WJ III COG CHC cluster scores collectively provided statistically significant incremental variance beyond the GIA-E in all of the regression models, although the effect sizes were consistently negligible to small (Average ΔR2(CHC) = .06), with significant effects observed only in the Oral Expression model (ΔR²(CHC) = .23). Individually, the WJ III COG cluster scores accounted for mostly small portions of achievement variance across the prediction models, with a large effect found for the Comprehension-Knowledge cluster in the Oral Expression model (ΔR²(Gc) = .23). The potential clinical and theoretical implications of these results are discussed.
本研究旨在检验伍德科克-约翰逊认知能力测验第三版（WJ III COG）中卡特尔-霍恩-卡罗尔（CHC）宽泛集群对于预测伍德科克-约翰逊学业成就测验第三版（WJ III ACH）分数的增量效度。参与者为6至18岁的儿童和青少年（n = 4722），取自WJ III标准化样本。该样本按全国范围分层，且在种族/族裔、父母教育水平和地理区域方面与美国人口普查估计数成比例。在控制了一般智力能力扩展版（GIA-E）综合分数所解释的方差后，采用分层多元回归分析来评估集群水平的效应。结果使用R²/ΔR²统计量作为效应大小指标进行解释。与先前研究一致，GIA-E在统计学和临床上均解释了WJ III ACH集群分数方差的显著部分，R²值范围为0.29至0.56。在所有回归模型中，WJ III COG CHC集群分数共同提供了超出GIA-E的统计学显著增量方差，尽管效应大小始终微不足道至较小（平均ΔR2(CHC) = 0.06），仅在口语表达模型中观察到显著效应（ΔR²(CHC) = 0.23）。单独来看，WJ III COG集群分数在各个预测模型中大多解释了成就方差的一小部分，在口语表达模型中理解-知识集群发现了较大效应（ΔR²(Gc) = 0.23）。讨论了这些结果潜在的临床和理论意义。
