He Hongzhi, Kim Joomyeong
Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA.
Genomics Inform. 2014 Sep;12(3):105-13. doi: 10.5808/GI.2014.12.3.105. Epub 2014 Sep 30.
A subset of mammalian genes differ functionally between two alleles due to genomic imprinting, and seven such genes (Peg3, Usp29, APeg3, Zfp264, Zim1, Zim2, Zim3) are localized within the 500-kb genomic interval of the human and mouse genomes, constituting the Peg3 imprinted domain. This Peg3 domain shares several features with the other imprinted domains, including an evolutionarily conserved domain structure, along with transcriptional co-regulation through shared cis regulatory elements, as well as functional roles in controlling fetal growth rates and maternal-caring behaviors. The Peg3 domain also displays some unique features, including YY1-mediated regulation of transcription and imprinting; conversion and adaptation of several protein-coding members as ncRNA genes during evolution; and its close connection to human cancers through the potential tumor suppressor functions of Peg3 and Usp29. In this review, we summarize and discuss these features of the Peg3 domain.
由于基因组印记，哺乳动物的一部分基因在两个等位基因之间存在功能差异，其中七个这样的基因（Peg3、Usp29、APeg3、Zfp264、Zim1、Zim2、Zim3）定位于人类和小鼠基因组的500 kb基因组区间内，构成了Peg3印记域。这个Peg3域与其他印记域有几个共同特征，包括进化上保守的域结构，以及通过共享的顺式调控元件进行转录共调控，还有在控制胎儿生长速率和母性关怀行为方面的功能作用。Peg3域还表现出一些独特特征，包括YY1介导的转录和印记调控；在进化过程中几个蛋白质编码成员转变并适应成为非编码RNA基因；以及通过Peg3和Usp29潜在的肿瘤抑制功能与人类癌症紧密相连。在这篇综述中，我们总结并讨论了Peg3域的这些特征。
