Ana Marice Ladeia, Raphael Ribeiro Sampaio, Maiara Costa Hita, Bahiana School of Medicine and Public Health, Bahia Foundation for the Development of Sciences, FBDC, Salvador, Bahia 40.285-001, Brazil.
World J Diabetes. 2014 Oct 15;5(5):601-5. doi: 10.4239/wjd.v5.i5.601.
Patients with diabetes mellitus are at high risk of developing atherosclerosis, associated with higher rates of micro and macro vascular involvement such as coronary artery disease and renal disease. The role of hyperglycemia to induce synthesis of reactive oxygen species by the oxidation of glucose, leading to an increased production of advanced glycosylation end products, as well as inflammation and oxidative stress has been proposed as a possible mechanism in the pathogenesis of endothelial dysfunction (ED). The interaction between C-peptide - the connecting segment of pro-insulin-and nitric oxide in vasodilation is also discussed. Therefore, endothelial dysfunction has been identified as an early marker of vascular disorder in type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus. In some other diseases, ED has been considered an independent predictor of vascular disease, regardless of the method used. Studies have demonstrated the importance of endothelial dysfunction as an useful tool for identifying the risk of vascular complications in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus, particularly as regards to renal impairment. The aim of this review is to clarify the prognostic value of endothelial dysfunction as a marker of vascular disease in these subjects.
糖尿病患者发生动脉粥样硬化的风险很高，与微血管和大血管受累相关，如冠状动脉疾病和肾脏疾病。高血糖通过氧化葡萄糖诱导活性氧的合成，导致晚期糖基化终产物的产生增加，以及炎症和氧化应激，这被认为是内皮功能障碍（ED）发病机制中的一种可能机制。C 肽 - 胰岛素原的连接片段 - 与一氧化氮在血管舒张中的相互作用也有讨论。因此，内皮功能障碍已被确定为 1 型和 2 型糖尿病血管紊乱的早期标志物。在其他一些疾病中，ED 被认为是血管疾病的独立预测因子，无论使用何种方法。研究表明，内皮功能障碍作为识别 1 型糖尿病患者血管并发症风险的有用工具非常重要，特别是在肾功能损害方面。本综述的目的是阐明内皮功能障碍作为这些患者血管疾病标志物的预后价值。
