London Lis E E, Kumar Arun H S, Wall Rebecca, Casey Pat G, O'Sullivan Orla, Shanahan Fergus, Hill Colin, Cotter Paul D, Fitzgerald Gerald F, Ross R Paul, Caplice Noel M, Stanton Catherine
Alimentary Pharmabiotic Centre, Teagasc, Food Research Centre Moorepark, Fermoy, Cork, Ireland.
Centre for Research in Vascular Biology, and.
J Nutr. 2014 Dec;144(12):1956-62. doi: 10.3945/jn.114.191627. Epub 2014 Oct 15.
Probiotic bacteria have been associated with a reduction in cardiovascular disease risk, a leading cause of death and disability.
The aim of this study was to assess the impact of dietary administration of exopolysaccharide-producing probiotic Lactobacillus cultures on lipid metabolism and gut microbiota in apolipoprotein E (apoE)-deficient mice.
First, we examined lipid metabolism in response to dietary supplementation with recombinant β-glucan-producing Lactobacillus paracasei National Food Biotechnology Centre (NFBC) 338 expressing the glycosyltransferase (Gtf) gene from Pediococcus parvulus 2.6 (GTF), and naturally exopolysaccharide-producing Lactobacillus mucosae Dairy Product Culture Collection (DPC) 6426 (DPC 6426) compared with the non-β-glucan-producing isogenic control strain Lactobacillus paracasei NFBC 338 (PNZ) and placebo (15% wt:vol trehalose). Second, we examined the effects on the gut microbiota of dietary administration of DPC 6426 compared with placebo. Probiotic Lactobacillus strains at 1 × 10(9) colony-forming units/d per animal were administered to apoE(-/-) mice fed a high-fat (60% fat)/high-cholesterol (2% wt:wt) diet for 12 wk. At the end of the study, aortic plaque development and serum, liver, and fecal variables involved in lipid metabolism were analyzed, and culture-independent microbial analyses of cecal content were performed.
Total cholesterol was reduced in serum (P < 0.001; ∼33-50%) and liver (P < 0.05; ∼30%) and serum triglyceride concentrations were reduced (P < 0.05; ∼15-25%) in mice supplemented with GTF or DPC 6426 compared with the PNZ or placebo group, respectively. In addition, dietary intervention with GTF led to increased amounts of fecal cholesterol excretion (P < 0.05) compared with all other groups. Compositional sequencing of the gut microbiota revealed a greater prevalence of Porphyromonadaceae (P = 0.001) and Prevotellaceae (P = 0.001) in the DPC 6426 group and lower proportions of Clostridiaceae (P < 0.05), Peptococcaceae (P < 0.001), and Staphylococcaceae (P < 0.01) compared with the placebo group.
Ingestion of exopolysaccharide-producing lactobacilli resulted in seemingly favorable improvements in lipid metabolism, which were associated with changes in the gut microbiota of mice.
益生菌与心血管疾病风险降低相关，心血管疾病是死亡和残疾的主要原因。
本研究旨在评估给予产胞外多糖的益生菌乳酸杆菌培养物对载脂蛋白E（apoE）缺陷小鼠脂质代谢和肠道微生物群的影响。
首先，我们检测了用表达来自小链球菌2.6（GTF）糖基转移酶（Gtf）基因的重组产β-葡聚糖的副干酪乳杆菌国家食品生物技术中心（NFBC）338以及天然产胞外多糖的黏液乳杆菌乳制品培养物保藏中心（DPC）6426（DPC 6426）进行饮食补充后对脂质代谢的影响，并与不产β-葡聚糖的同基因对照菌株副干酪乳杆菌NFBC 338（PNZ）和安慰剂（15%重量/体积海藻糖）进行比较。其次，我们检测了给予DPC 6426饮食与给予安慰剂相比对肠道微生物群的影响。将每只动物每天1×10⁹菌落形成单位的益生菌乳酸杆菌菌株给予喂食高脂肪（60%脂肪）/高胆固醇（2%重量/重量）饮食12周的apoE（-/-）小鼠。在研究结束时，分析主动脉斑块形成以及参与脂质代谢的血清、肝脏和粪便变量，并对盲肠内容物进行非培养微生物分析。
与PNZ组或安慰剂组相比，补充GTF或DPC 6426的小鼠血清总胆固醇降低（P<0.001；约33%-50%），肝脏总胆固醇降低（P<(0.05)；约30%），血清甘油三酯浓度降低（P<(0.05)；约15%-25%）。此外，与所有其他组相比，用GTF进行饮食干预导致粪便胆固醇排泄量增加（P<(0.05)）。肠道微生物群的组成测序显示，与安慰剂组相比，DPC 6426组卟啉单胞菌科（P=(0.001)）和普雷沃菌科（P=(0.001)）的比例更高，而梭菌科（P<(0.05)）、消化球菌科（P<(0.001)）和葡萄球菌科（P<(0.01)）的比例更低。
摄入产胞外多糖的乳酸杆菌似乎对脂质代谢有有利改善，这与小鼠肠道微生物群的变化有关。
