Yates Brian J, Zboril Radek, Sharma Virender K
a Energy and Environment, Battelle , Columbus , Ohio , USA.
J Environ Sci Health A Tox Hazard Subst Environ Eng. 2014;49(14):1603-14. doi: 10.1080/10934529.2014.950924.
There is renewed interest in the tetra-oxy compound of +6 oxidation states of iron, ferrate(VI) (Fe(VI)O4(2-)), commonly called ferrate. Ferrate has the potential in cleaner ("greener") technologies for water treatment and remediation processes, as it produces potentially less toxic byproducts than other treatment chemicals (e.g., chlorine). Ferrate has strong potential to oxidize a number of contaminants, including sulfur- and nitrogen-containing compounds, estrogens, and antibiotics. This oxidation capability of ferrate combines with its efficient disinfection and coagulation properties as a multi-purpose treatment chemical in a single dose. This review focuses on the engineering aspects of ferrate use at the pilot scale to remove contaminants in and enhance physical treatment of water and wastewater. In most of the pilot-scale studies, in-line and on-line electrochemical ferrate syntheses have been applied. In this ferrate synthesis, ferrate was directly prepared in solution from an iron anode, followed by direct addition to the contaminant stream. Some older studies applied ferrate as a solid. This review presents examples of removing a range of contaminants by adding ferrate solution to the stream. Results showed that ferrate alone and in combination with additional coagulants can reduce total suspended solids (TSS), chemical oxygen demand (COD), biological oxygen demand (BOD), and organic matter. Ferrate also oxidizes cyanide, sulfide, arsenic, phenols, anilines, and dyes and disinfects a variety of viruses and bacteria. Limitations and drawbacks of the application of ferrate in treating contaminated water on the pilot scale are also presented.
人们对处于+6氧化态的铁的四氧化合物高铁酸盐（Fe(VI)O4(2-)），通常简称为高铁，重新产生了兴趣。高铁在更清洁（“更环保”）的水处理和修复技术方面具有潜力，因为与其他处理化学品（如氯）相比，它产生的潜在有毒副产物更少。高铁有很强的氧化多种污染物的潜力，包括含硫和含氮化合物、雌激素和抗生素。高铁的这种氧化能力与其作为单剂量多用途处理化学品的高效消毒和混凝特性相结合。本综述重点关注中试规模使用高铁去除水和废水中的污染物并加强其物理处理的工程方面。在大多数中试规模研究中，采用了在线和联机电化学合成高铁的方法。在这种高铁合成中，高铁是在溶液中由铁阳极直接制备的，然后直接添加到含污染物的水流中。一些较早的研究使用的是固体高铁。本综述列举了通过向水流中添加高铁溶液去除一系列污染物的实例。结果表明，单独使用高铁以及与其他混凝剂联合使用都可以降低总悬浮固体（TSS）、化学需氧量（COD）、生化需氧量（BOD）和有机物含量。高铁还能氧化氰化物、硫化物、砷、酚类、苯胺和染料，并能对多种病毒和细菌进行消毒。文中还介绍了中试规模应用高铁处理受污染水的局限性和缺点。
