Hanchanale Sarika, Adkinson Lucy, Daniel Sunitha, Fleming Michelle, Oxberry Stephen G
Yorkshire Deanery, Leeds, West Yorshire, UK,
Support Care Cancer. 2015 Mar;23(3):881-8. doi: 10.1007/s00520-014-2477-8. Epub 2014 Oct 18.
Dry mouth (xerostomia) is one of the commonest symptoms in cancer patients and can adversely affect quality of life. The aim of this review was to determine the effectiveness of pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions in treating xerostomia in adult advanced cancer patients.
The literature search was performed in February 2014 using databases including EMBASE, MEDLINE, CINAHL, BNI and Cochrane library. The search was carried out using standard MeSH terms and was limited to adult population and English language. Studies investigating xerostomia secondary to head and neck cancer treatment and autoimmune disease were excluded. Titles and abstracts were screened and reviewed for eligibility. Only studies involving primary research were included in the analysis.
Six studies met the eligibility criteria for review: three randomized controlled trials and three prospective studies. The quality assessment and reporting was performed using PRISMA, Jadad and STROBE. These studies compared acupuncture, pilocarpine, Saliva Orthana and chewing gum with each other or with placebo. All interventions were considered effective in treating xerostomia. However, effectiveness versus placebo could not be demonstrated for Saliva Orthana. Meta-analysis could not be performed due to heterogeneity of the study type and intervention.
Limited published data exists reporting the effectiveness of measures in the treatment of xerostomia in cancer patients. Based on primary research of low quality, firm conclusions cannot be drawn. However, pilocarpine, artificial saliva, chewing gum and acupuncture can be tried based on the available data. This highlights the explicit need to improve our evidence base. Properly constructed randomized controlled trials demonstrating effectiveness of pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions for dry mouth are required.
口干（口腔干燥症）是癌症患者最常见的症状之一，会对生活质量产生不利影响。本综述的目的是确定药物和非药物干预措施治疗成年晚期癌症患者口腔干燥症的有效性。
2014年2月使用包括EMBASE、MEDLINE、CINAHL、BNI和Cochrane图书馆在内的数据库进行文献检索。检索使用标准医学主题词，限于成年人群和英语语言。排除研究头颈部癌症治疗和自身免疫性疾病继发口腔干燥症的研究。对标题和摘要进行筛选和审查以确定是否符合条件。仅纳入涉及原始研究的研究进行分析。
六项研究符合综述的纳入标准：三项随机对照试验和三项前瞻性研究。使用PRISMA、Jadad和STROBE进行质量评估和报告。这些研究将针灸、毛果芸香碱、Saliva Orthana和口香糖相互比较或与安慰剂比较。所有干预措施均被认为对治疗口腔干燥症有效。然而，Saliva Orthana与安慰剂相比的有效性未得到证实。由于研究类型和干预措施的异质性，无法进行荟萃分析。
关于治疗癌症患者口腔干燥症措施有效性的已发表数据有限。基于低质量的原始研究，无法得出确凿结论。然而，根据现有数据，可以尝试使用毛果芸香碱、人工唾液、口香糖和针灸。这突出表明明确需要改善我们的证据基础。需要进行适当构建的随机对照试验，以证明药物和非药物干预措施治疗口干的有效性。
