Kloepper Laura N, Gaudette Jason E, Simmons James A, Buck John R
Department of Neuroscience, Brown University, 185 Meeting Street, Providence, Rhode Island 02912.
USW Weapons, Vehicles, and Defensive System Department, Naval Undersea Warfare Center, 1176 Howell Street, Newport, Rhode Island 02841.
J Acoust Soc Am. 2014 Oct;136(4):1964-71. doi: 10.1121/1.4895690.
Bats perform high-resolution echolocation by comparing temporal and spectral features of their transmitted pulses to the received echoes. In complex environments with moving prey, dynamically adapting the transmitted pulses can increase the probability of successful target representation and interception. This study further investigates the adaptive vocal-motor strategies of big brown bats (Eptesicus fuscus). During stationary target detection experiments, echolocation sounds were simultaneously recorded with high-speed, infrared video to examine the relationship of mouth position and movement to pulse characteristics among bats. All three bats produced strobe groups, but the proportion and frequency characteristics of the strobe group pulses differed for individual bats. Additionally, mouth gape angle had little effect on the emitted pulse characteristics, which suggests that laryngeal mechanisms drive changes in emitted pulses.
蝙蝠通过比较其发射脉冲与接收到的回声的时间和频谱特征来进行高分辨率回声定位。在有移动猎物的复杂环境中，动态调整发射脉冲可以增加成功表征和拦截目标的概率。本研究进一步探究了大棕蝠（棕蝠）的适应性发声运动策略。在静止目标检测实验中，利用高速红外视频同步记录回声定位声音，以研究蝙蝠口部位置和运动与脉冲特征之间的关系。所有三只蝙蝠都产生了频闪组，但不同个体蝙蝠的频闪组脉冲比例和频率特征有所不同。此外，张口角度对发出的脉冲特征影响很小，这表明喉部机制驱动了发出脉冲的变化。
