Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Bristol , Bristol , UK ; Institute for Response-Genetics, University of Zurich , Kilchberg , Switzerland ; Clienia AG Littenheid , Littenheid , Switzerland.
Neuropsychopharmacology Unit, Imperial College London , London , UK.
Front Psychiatry. 2014 Sep 29;5:133. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2014.00133. eCollection 2014.
Elevated schizotypy relates to similar cognitive attenuations as seen in psychosis and cannabis/polydrug use. Also, in schizotypal populations cannabis and polydrug (including licit drug) use are enhanced. These cognitive attenuations may therefore either be a behavioral marker of psychotic (-like) symptoms or the consequence of enhanced drug use in schizotypal populations. To elucidate this, we investigated the link between cognitive attenuation and cannabis use in largely pure cannabis users (35) and non-using controls (48), accounting for the potential additional influence of both schizotypy and licit drug use (alcohol, nicotine). Cognitive attenuations commonly seen in psychosis were associated with cannabis and alcohol use, but not schizotypy. Future studies should therefore consider (i) non-excessive licit substance use (e.g., alcohol) in studies investigating the effect of cannabis use on cognition and (ii) both enhanced illicit and licit substance use in studies investigating cognition in schizotypal populations.
高精神分裂症特质与精神病和大麻/多药物使用中观察到的类似认知衰减有关。此外，在精神分裂症特质人群中，大麻和多药物（包括合法药物）的使用增加了。因此，这些认知衰减可能是精神病（类）症状的行为标志物，也可能是精神分裂症特质人群中增强的药物使用的结果。为了阐明这一点，我们调查了在主要是纯大麻使用者（35 名）和非使用者对照（48 名）中认知衰减与大麻使用之间的联系，同时考虑了精神分裂症特质和合法药物使用（酒精、尼古丁）的潜在额外影响。在精神病中常见的认知衰减与大麻和酒精使用有关，但与精神分裂症特质无关。因此，未来的研究应该考虑（i）在研究大麻使用对认知的影响时，考虑非过度的合法物质使用（例如酒精），以及（ii）在研究精神分裂症特质人群的认知时，同时考虑增强的非法和合法物质使用。
