Scheibe Susanne, Notthoff Nanna, Menkin Josephine, Ross Lee, Shadel Doug, Deevy Martha, Carstensen Laura L
Department of Psychology, University of Groningen.
Department of Psychology, University of California - Berkeley.
Basic Appl Soc Psych. 2014;36(3):272-279. doi: 10.1080/01973533.2014.903844.
Telemarketing fraud is pervasive and older consumers are disproportionally targeted. Given laboratory research showing that forewarning can effectively counter influence appeals, we conducted a field experiment to test whether forewarning could protect people who had been victimized in the past. A research assistant with prior experience as a telemarketer pitched a mock scam two or four weeks after participants were warned about the same scam or an entirely different scam. Both warnings reduced unequivocal acceptance of the mock scam although outright refusals (as opposed to expressions of skepticism) were more frequent with the warning than the warning. The warning, but not the warning, lost effectiveness over time. Findings demonstrate that social psychological research can inform effective protection strategies against telemarketing fraud.
电话营销诈骗十分普遍，老年消费者更是成为了诈骗分子的主要目标。鉴于实验室研究表明预先警告可以有效对抗有影响力的诉求，我们进行了一项实地实验，以测试预先警告是否能够保护过去曾遭受过诈骗的人群。一名有电话推销员工作经验的研究助理，在参与者收到关于同一诈骗或完全不同诈骗的警告后的两周或四周，向他们推销一个模拟诈骗。两种警告都减少了对模拟诈骗的明确接受，尽管直接拒绝（与表示怀疑相对）在[具体警告类型1]警告下比在[具体警告类型2]警告下更为频繁。[具体警告类型1]警告随着时间推移失去了效力，但[具体警告类型2]警告没有。研究结果表明，社会心理学研究可为防范电话营销诈骗的有效保护策略提供参考。
