母亲丧亲之痛与子代隐睾症
Maternal bereavement and cryptorchidism in offspring.
作者信息
Ingstrup Katja Glejsted, Olsen Jørn, Wu Chun Sen, Nohr Ellen Aagaard, Bech Bodil Hammer, Li Jiong, Susser Ezra, Jensen Morten Søndergaard
机构信息
From the aDepartment of Public Health, Section for Epidemiology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; bDepartment of Epidemiology, Columbia University, New York, NY; cDepartment of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, CA; dResearch Unit for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Clinical Research, University of Southern, Odense, Denmark; eNew York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY; and fDepartment of Pediatrics, Perinatal Epidemiology Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.
出版信息
Epidemiology. 2015 Jan;26(1):100-5. doi: 10.1097/EDE.0000000000000194.
BACKGROUND
Cryptorchidism (undescended testis) is a common anomaly with largely unexplained etiology. Animal studies have suggested maternal emotional stress as a potential risk factor, but this has not been studied in humans. We aimed to investigate whether maternal bereavement due to the death of a close relative in the antenatal period increases the occurrence of cryptorchidism in the offspring.
METHODS
In a population-based cohort, we studied death of a close relative as the exposure and cryptorchidism entries in nationwide medical registries as the outcome. Danish national registries included 898,961 (23,609 exposed) boys born from 1978 to 2008 with a maximum of 30 years of follow-up.
RESULTS
A total of 20,947 boys had cryptorchidism, of whom 13,524 also underwent corrective surgery. We found no increased occurrence of cryptorchidism in the offspring (hazard ratio = 1.02 [95% confidence interval = 0.92-1.14]). Results were similar when the diagnosis was verified with surgery. We adjusted for maternal and paternal age, birth year, and family history of cryptorchidism.
CONCLUSION
We observed no association between maternal bereavement before and during pregnancy and the occurrence of cryptorchidism in the offspring.
背景
隐睾症（睾丸未降）是一种常见的异常情况，其病因很大程度上尚不清楚。动物研究表明母亲的情绪压力是一个潜在的风险因素，但这在人类中尚未得到研究。我们旨在调查孕期因近亲死亡导致的母亲丧亲之痛是否会增加后代隐睾症的发生率。
方法
在一项基于人群的队列研究中，我们将近亲死亡作为暴露因素，将全国医疗登记处记录的隐睾症病例作为研究结果。丹麦国家登记处纳入了1978年至2008年出生的898,961名男孩（23,609名有暴露情况），最长随访30年。
结果
共有20,947名男孩患有隐睾症，其中13,524名还接受了矫正手术。我们发现后代隐睾症的发生率没有增加（风险比=1.02[95%置信区间=0.92 - 1.14]）。当通过手术验证诊断时，结果相似。我们对母亲和父亲的年龄、出生年份以及隐睾症家族史进行了调整。
结论
我们观察到孕期及孕期前母亲的丧亲之痛与后代隐睾症的发生之间没有关联。
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