1] Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), CNRS (UMR 7104), Inserm U964, Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, 67400, France. [2] Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School and Department of Pathology, Brigham and Woman's Hospital, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2014 Nov;15(11):709-21. doi: 10.1038/nrm3891.
Segmentation of the paraxial mesoderm is a major event of vertebrate development that establishes the metameric patterning of the body axis. This process involves the periodic formation of sequential units, termed somites, from the presomitic mesoderm. Somite formation relies on a molecular oscillator, the segmentation clock, which controls the rhythmic activation of several signalling pathways and leads to the oscillatory expression of a subset of genes in the presomitic mesoderm. The response to the periodic signal of the clock, leading to the establishment of the segmental pre-pattern, is gated by a system of travelling signalling gradients, often referred to as the wavefront. Recent studies have advanced our understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in the generation of oscillations and how they interact and are coordinated to activate the segmental gene expression programme.
胚轴中胚层的分割是脊椎动物发育的一个主要事件，它建立了身体轴的分节模式。这个过程涉及到从原肠中胚层周期性地形成连续的单位，称为体节。体节的形成依赖于一个分子振荡器，即分段时钟，它控制着几个信号通路的有节奏激活，并导致原肠中胚层中一组基因的振荡表达。对时钟周期性信号的反应，导致了节段性前模式的建立，由一个移动信号梯度系统来控制，通常称为波前。最近的研究提高了我们对产生振荡的分子机制的理解，以及它们如何相互作用和协调来激活节段性基因表达程序。
