Int J Epidemiol. 2014 Dec;43(6):1921-8. doi: 10.1093/ije/dyu209.
The international scientific literature reports no data on the prevalence and effectiveness of back protector devices (BPD). In Italy, no data have been collected on BPD because their use is not mandatory. To fill this gap, the National Institute of Health implemented a cross-sectional study in collaboration with the National Traffic Police.Accident cases were collected from 1 December 2011 to 25 October 2013. Overall, data from 2104 accidents involving 2319 injured subjects were analysed: 1821 (78.5%) of these were motorcyclists and 498 (21.5%) mopedists. The use of Hard-shell BPD or jackets with airbags in motorcyclists is higher then in moped drivers (16.2% vs 1.3%,P¼0.000). Concerning level of protection, there are no differences between drivers and passengers. In most severely injured motorcyclists (i.e. hospitalized or deceased), the percentage of injuries to the spine was lower (13.6%) among those who used a high level safety device (hard-shell BPD and/or airbags) and rose to 27.3% among those who used only protective clothing (P¼0.022). When the variables potentially affecting the results of not using a high-safety device were controlled, a bivariate analysis showed that the odds of serious spinal injury were 2.72 times greater (P¼0.049) and a multivariate analysis showed that they were 2.81 times greater (P¼0.012). This study points out that greater use of BPD could reduce the number of injuries to the spinal column resulting from road traffic accidents involving motorized two-wheeled vehicles.
国际科学文献中并未报告背部保护器（BPD）的流行率和有效性数据。在意大利，由于 BPD 的使用并非强制性的，因此尚未收集有关 BPD 的数据。为了填补这一空白，国家卫生研究所与国家交通警察合作开展了一项横断面研究。
事故案例的收集时间为 2011 年 12 月 1 日至 2013 年 10 月 25 日。总体而言，共分析了涉及 2319 名受伤者的 2104 起事故的数据：其中 1821 人（78.5％）为摩托车手，498 人（21.5％）为轻便摩托车手。与轻便摩托车手相比，摩托车手使用硬壳 BPD 或带气囊的夹克的比例更高（16.2％对 1.3％，P¼0.000）。就保护水平而言，驾驶员和乘客之间没有差异。在大多数受伤最严重的摩托车手（即住院或死亡）中，使用高级安全装置（硬壳 BPD 和/或气囊）的人中脊柱受伤的比例较低（13.6％），而仅使用防护装备的人中这一比例上升至 27.3％（P¼0.022）。当控制可能影响未使用高级安全装置结果的变量时，二元分析表明严重脊柱受伤的几率高 2.72 倍（P¼0.049），多元分析表明几率高 2.81 倍（P¼0.012）。
这项研究表明，更大程度地使用 BPD 可以减少涉及机动两轮车辆的道路交通碰撞中脊柱受伤的数量。
