Laboratoire de Biomécanique Appliquée, UMRT24 AMU/IFSTTAR, Marseille, France; iLab-Spine - Laboratoire international en imagerie et biomécanique du Rachis, Marseille, France.
Laboratoire de Biomécanique Appliquée, UMRT24 AMU/IFSTTAR, Marseille, France; Department of Neurosurgery, Trauma centre, Hôpital Nord, Marseille, France.
Accid Anal Prev. 2020 Feb;135:105331. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2019.105331. Epub 2019 Nov 18.
Among the different products and protective gear used by riders of two-wheeled motorized vehicles, back protectors that are designed to prevent damage to the spinal column are widely used today compared other protections. However, few studies measure their effectiveness. Can their effectiveness be measured? How do they help decrease or change the nature of thoracolumbar traumas that occur? To address these questions and remedy the lack of objective data regarding these products, an epidemiological, clinical, and biomechanical analysis of motorcycle riders who were admitted to a French trauma center after an accident was performed. So, this study investigates the effectiveness of back protectors, including their ability to prevent specific mechanisms of thoracic and lumbar spinal injuries related to TWMV accidents.
A questionnaire was administered to victims of accidents involving two-wheeled motorized vehicles who were admitted to the trauma room at the Marseille trauma center over the course of 2016. Collect data are related to the victim, the accident scenario, and a detailed description of the observed injuries using AIS (Abbreviated Injury Scale) coding and Magerl classification. Univariate analyses and Fisher tests were performed for victims who were or were not wearing back protectors.
This study collected data from 124 victims. Almost half of the victims were wearing a back protector at the time of the accident (53 victims, thus 43% of riders). Collectively, twenty-nine victims who were wearing back protectors had 57 thoracolumbar injuries, and twenty eight victims who were not wearing back protectors had 75 thoracolumbar lesions. The results from this study show that there is no significant difference in the nature and mechanism of thoracolumbar injuries as a function of back protection. The majority of the thoracolumbar injuries were not severe. They were primarily bone injuries, essentially compression fractures, regardless of whether a back protector was worn.
This study shows that the use of back protection does not decrease the number, type, or mechanism of thoracolumbar injuries associated with accidents involving two-wheeled motorized vehicles. However, it suggests that lumbar vertebral injuries are deflected towards the thoracic vertebrae when back protectors are worn. Finally, it suggests that the design of back protectors should be reconsidered to better protect riders from what are referred to as compression fractures (craniocaudal force), which remain the primary form of fracture regardless of the rider's characteristics, based on the data analyzed.
在两轮机动车辆骑手使用的各种产品和防护装备中，如今广泛使用的背部保护器旨在防止脊柱受损，而其他保护装备则相对较少。然而，很少有研究来测量它们的有效性。它们的有效性可以被测量吗？它们如何帮助减少或改变与两轮机动车辆事故相关的胸腰椎创伤的性质？为了解决这些问题并弥补这些产品缺乏客观数据的问题，对一家法国创伤中心收治的摩托车骑手进行了一项流行病学、临床和生物力学分析。因此，本研究调查了背部保护器的有效性，包括其预防与两轮机动车辆事故相关的胸腰椎损伤特定机制的能力。
对 2016 年期间在马赛创伤中心创伤室就诊的两轮机动车辆事故受害者进行了问卷调查。收集的数据与受害者、事故情况以及使用 AIS（简明损伤分级）编码和 Magerl 分类对观察到的损伤的详细描述有关。对佩戴和未佩戴背部保护器的受害者进行了单变量分析和 Fisher 检验。
本研究共收集了 124 名受害者的数据。近一半的受害者在事故发生时佩戴了背部保护器（53 名受害者，占骑手的 43%）。共有 29 名佩戴背部保护器的受害者出现 57 例胸腰椎损伤，28 名未佩戴背部保护器的受害者出现 75 例胸腰椎损伤。本研究结果表明，背部保护器的使用并不能改变胸腰椎损伤的性质和机制。大多数胸腰椎损伤并不严重。无论是否佩戴背部保护器，主要都是骨损伤，主要是压缩性骨折。
本研究表明，使用背部保护器并不能减少与两轮机动车辆事故相关的胸腰椎损伤的数量、类型或机制。然而，它表明佩戴背部保护器时，腰椎损伤会向胸椎转移。最后，根据分析的数据，它表明应重新考虑背部保护器的设计，以更好地保护骑手免受所谓的压缩性骨折（头足向力）的伤害，这种骨折仍然是主要的骨折形式，而与骑手的特征无关。
