Laurence A, Houdelier C, Calandreau L, Arnould C, Favreau-Peigné A, Leterrier C, Boissy A, Lumineau S
1UMR 6552 EthoS,Rennes University,CNRS,263 avenue du Général Leclerc,35042 Rennes,France.
2UMR 85,INRA,CNRS,Tours University,37380 Nouzilly,France.
Animal. 2015 Feb;9(2):331-8. doi: 10.1017/S1751731114002523. Epub 2014 Oct 30.
Animals perceiving repeated aversive events can become chronically stressed. Chronic activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis can have deleterious consequences on physiological parameters (e.g. BW, blood chemistry) and behaviour (e.g. emotional reactivity, stereotypies, cognition). Environmental enrichment (EE) can be a mean to reduce animal stress and to improve welfare. The aim of this study was first, to assess the effects of EE in battery cages on the behaviour of young Japanese quail and second, to evaluate the impact of EE on quail exposed to chronic stress. The experiment involved quail housed in EE cages and submitted or not to a chronic stress procedure (CSP) (EE cages, control quail: n=16, CSP quail: n=14) and quail housed in standard cages and exposed or not to the CSP (standard non-EE cages, control quail: n=12, CSP quail: n=16). Our procedure consisted of repeated aversive events (e.g. ventilators, delaying access to food, physical restraint, noise) presented two to five times per 24 h, randomly, for 15 days. During CSP, EE improved quail's welfare as their stereotypic pacing decreased and they rested more. CSP decreased exploration in all quail. After the end of CSP, quail presented increased emotional reactivity in emergence test. However, the effect of EE varied with test. Finally, chronic stress effects on comfort behaviours in the emergence test were alleviated by EE. These results indicate that EE can alleviate some aspects of behavioural alterations induced by CSP.
经历反复厌恶事件的动物可能会长期处于应激状态。下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺（HPA）轴的长期激活会对生理参数（如体重、血液化学指标）和行为（如情绪反应性、刻板行为、认知）产生有害影响。环境富集（EE）可以作为一种减轻动物应激和改善福利的手段。本研究的目的首先是评估电池笼中环境富集对日本雏鹌鹑行为的影响，其次是评估环境富集对暴露于慢性应激的鹌鹑的影响。实验涉及饲养在环境富集笼中的鹌鹑，它们接受或不接受慢性应激程序（CSP）（环境富集笼，对照鹌鹑：n = 16，CSP鹌鹑：n = 14），以及饲养在标准笼中的鹌鹑，它们暴露或不暴露于CSP（标准非环境富集笼，对照鹌鹑：n = 12，CSP鹌鹑：n = 16）。我们的程序包括每24小时随机出现两到五次反复的厌恶事件（如通风机、延迟获取食物、身体束缚、噪音），持续15天。在慢性应激程序期间，环境富集改善了鹌鹑的福利，因为它们的刻板踱步减少，休息增多。慢性应激程序降低了所有鹌鹑的探索行为。在慢性应激程序结束后，鹌鹑在出箱测试中的情绪反应性增加。然而，环境富集的效果因测试而异。最后，环境富集减轻了慢性应激对出箱测试中舒适行为的影响。这些结果表明，环境富集可以减轻慢性应激程序诱导的行为改变的某些方面。
