Department of Human Ecology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan,
Environ Health Prev Med. 2015 Jan;20(1):36-43. doi: 10.1007/s12199-014-0421-7. Epub 2014 Oct 31.
Injury is the leading cause of death among children and adolescents in Japan. Despite this, until now there has been comparatively little research on this phenomenon. The purpose of this study was to examine if there was seasonal variation in child and adolescent injury mortality in Japan in 2000-2010.
Vital statistics injury mortality data were obtained from the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare of Japan. The seasonality of the major causes of unintentional injury (transport accidents, drowning and suffocation) and intentional injury (suicide and homicide) mortality was examined for children and adolescents aged 0-19. Incidence ratios (IR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated to determine the difference between the numbers of observed and expected seasonal deaths.
The annual average injury mortality rate among children and adolescents was 9.0 per 100,000. Deaths from transport accidents, drowning, suffocation and suicide had a significant seasonality. There was a summer peak for transport accidents (IR 1.15, 95% CI 1.10-1.19) and drowning (IR 2.00, 95% CI 1.88-2.11), a spring peak for suicide (IR 1.09, 95% CI 1.04-1.14), while the incidence of suffocation was higher in winter (IR 1.12, 95% CI 1.03-1.21).
Child and adolescent injury mortality from transport accidents, drowning, suffocation and suicide has a pronounced seasonality in Japan. More research is now needed to find the circumstances underpinning different forms of injury mortality in different periods of the year so that effective interventions can be designed and implemented to reduce the burden of injury mortality among Japanese children.
在日本，伤害是导致儿童和青少年死亡的主要原因。尽管如此，到目前为止，针对这一现象的研究相对较少。本研究旨在探讨 2000-2010 年日本儿童和青少年伤害死亡率是否存在季节性变化。
从日本厚生劳动省获得了关于伤害死亡率的人口统计数据。研究了 0-19 岁儿童和青少年的意外伤害（交通事故、溺水和窒息）和故意伤害（自杀和他杀）主要死因的季节性。计算了发病率比（IR）及其 95%置信区间（CI），以确定观察到的和预期的季节性死亡人数之间的差异。
儿童和青少年的年平均伤害死亡率为每 10 万人 9.0 人。交通事故、溺水、窒息和自杀死亡具有明显的季节性。交通事故（IR 1.15，95%CI 1.10-1.19）和溺水（IR 2.00，95%CI 1.88-2.11）有夏季高峰，自杀有春季高峰（IR 1.09，95%CI 1.04-1.14），而窒息的发生率在冬季较高（IR 1.12，95%CI 1.03-1.21）。
日本儿童和青少年因交通事故、溺水、窒息和自杀导致的伤害死亡率具有明显的季节性。现在需要进行更多的研究，以了解不同时期不同形式伤害死亡率的情况，以便设计和实施有效的干预措施，降低日本儿童的伤害死亡率负担。
