Turnes Tiago, Salvador Amadeo Félix, Lisbôa Felipe Domingos, de Aguiar Rafael Alves, Cruz Rogério Santos de Oliveira, Caputo Fabrizio
Human Performance Research Group, Center for Health and Sport Science, Santa Catarina State University, Florianópolis, Brazil.
PLoS One. 2014 Oct 31;9(10):e111621. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0111621. eCollection 2014.
The focus of the present study was to investigate the effects of a fast-start pacing strategy on running performance and pulmonary oxygen uptake (VO2) kinetics at the upper boundary of the severe-intensity domain. Eleven active male participants (28±10 years, 70±5 kg, 176±6 cm, 57±4 mL/kg/min) visited the laboratory for a series of tests that were performed until exhaustion: 1) an incremental test; 2) three laboratory test sessions performed at 95, 100 and 110% of the maximal aerobic speed; 3) two to four constant speed tests for the determination of the highest constant speed (HS) that still allowed achieving maximal oxygen uptake; and 4) an exercise based on the HS using a higher initial speed followed by a subsequent decrease. To predict equalized performance values for the constant pace, the relationship between time and distance/speed through log-log modelling was used. When a fast-start was utilized, subjects were able to cover a greater distance in a performance of similar duration in comparison with a constant-pace performance (constant pace: 670 m±22%; fast-start: 683 m±22%; P = 0.029); subjects also demonstrated a higher exercise tolerance at a similar average speed when compared with constant-pace performance (constant pace: 114 s±30%; fast-start: 125 s±26%; P = 0.037). Moreover, the mean VO2 response time was reduced after a fast start (constant pace: 22.2 s±28%; fast-start: 19.3 s±29%; P = 0.025). In conclusion, middle-distance running performances with a duration of 2-3 min are improved and VO2 response time is faster when a fast-start is adopted.
本研究的重点是调查快速起跑配速策略对接近高强度运动强度上限时跑步表现和肺摄氧量（VO₂）动力学的影响。11名活跃的男性参与者（年龄28±10岁，体重70±5千克，身高176±6厘米，最大摄氧量57±4毫升/千克/分钟）到实验室进行了一系列直至力竭的测试：1）递增测试；2）在最大有氧速度的95%、100%和110%下进行三次实验室测试；3）进行两到四次恒定速度测试，以确定仍能达到最大摄氧量的最高恒定速度（HS）；4）以HS进行一次运动，初始速度较高，随后速度下降。为预测恒定配速下的等效表现值，通过对数-对数建模使用了时间与距离/速度之间的关系。当采用快速起跑时，与恒定配速表现相比，受试者能够在相似持续时间的运动中跑更远的距离（恒定配速：670米±22%；快速起跑：683米±22%；P = 0.029）；与恒定配速表现相比，受试者在相似平均速度下也表现出更高的运动耐力（恒定配速：114秒±30%；快速起跑：125秒±26%；P = 0.037）。此外，快速起跑后平均VO₂反应时间缩短（恒定配速：22.2秒±28%；快速起跑：19.3秒±29%；P = 0.025）。总之，采用快速起跑时，持续时间为2至3分钟的中距离跑步表现得到改善，VO₂反应时间更快。
