Malik Akash, Taneja Davendra K, Devasenapathy Nivedhita, Rajeshwari K
Departments of Community Medicine and *Pediatrics, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi, India; and #Indian Institute of Public Health, Gurgaon, Haryana, India. Correspondence to: Dr Akash Malik, National RMNCH+A Unit, Room No. 107 D, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India, Nirman Bhawan, New Delhi 110 001, India.
Indian Pediatr. 2014 Oct;51(10):780-4. doi: 10.1007/s13312-014-0503-z.
To study the effect of 2 weeks of prophylactic zinc supplementation on incidence and duration of acute respiratory infections.
Randomized double blind controlled trial.
Community based; urban resettlement area in North-East Delhi, India.
272 children aged 6-11 months with acute respiratory infections. Children receiving zinc supplement within the past 3 months, severely malnourished, immuno-deficient, on steroid therapy, with severe illness requiring hospitalization, or children of families likely to migrate from the study area were excluded.
Placebo (syrup base) or zinc (20 mg/5 mL elemental zinc as zinc sulfate) orally given for a period of 2 weeks.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Incidence, type and duration of acute respiratory infections, and adverse effects.
No effect on incidence of acute respiratory infections was noted. A decrease of 15% (0.78-0.94) in days and 12% (0.78-0.94) in duration of episode in acute respiratory infections was observed. Incidence of acute lower respiratory infections decreased by 62% (0.26-0.36) and the effect remained for full five months of follow up. There were no drop outs due to side effects.
Prophylactic zinc supplementation for two weeks may reduce the morbidity due to acute lower respiratory infections but not overall rate of acute respiratory infections in infants aged 6-11 months in similar populations.
研究预防性补充锌剂2周对急性呼吸道感染发病率及病程的影响。
随机双盲对照试验。
基于社区；印度新德里东北部的城市安置区。
272名6至11个月大患有急性呼吸道感染的儿童。排除在过去3个月内接受过锌补充剂、严重营养不良、免疫缺陷、接受类固醇治疗、患有需要住院治疗的严重疾病的儿童，或其家庭可能会从研究区域迁移的儿童。
口服安慰剂（糖浆基质）或锌剂（20毫克/5毫升元素锌，以硫酸锌形式），为期2周。
急性呼吸道感染的发病率、类型及病程，以及不良反应。
未观察到对急性呼吸道感染发病率有影响。观察到急性呼吸道感染发作天数减少了15%（0.78 - 0.94），病程缩短了12%（0.78 - 0.94）。急性下呼吸道感染发病率降低了62%（0.26 - 0.36），且在整个5个月的随访期间效果持续存在。未出现因副作用而退出研究的情况。
在类似人群中，预防性补充锌剂2周可能会降低6至11个月大婴儿因急性下呼吸道感染导致的发病率，但不会降低急性呼吸道感染的总体发病率。
