Fortier-Brochu Emilie, Morin Charles M
Université Laval, Québec (Québec), Canada.
Sleep. 2014 Nov 1;37(11):1787-98. doi: 10.5665/sleep.4172.
The aims of this study were to (1) investigate the nature of cognitive impairment in individuals with insomnia, (2) document their clinical significance, (3) examine their correlates, and (4) explore differences among individuals with insomnia with and without cognitive complaints.
Participants underwent 3 consecutive nights of polysomnography. On the morning following the third night, they completed a battery of questionnaires and neuropsychological tests.
The sample included 25 adults with primary insomnia (mean age: 44.4 ± 11.5 y, 56% women) and 16 controls (mean age: 42.8 ± 12.9 y, 50% women) matched for sex, age, and education.
N/A.
Participants completed neuropsychological tests covering attention, memory, working memory, and executive functions, as well as questionnaires assessing the subjective perception of performance, depression, anxiety, fatigue, sleepiness, and hyperarousal. There were significant group differences for the attention and episodic memory domains. Clinically significant deficits were more frequent in the insomnia group. Within the insomnia group, individuals with cognitive complaints exhibited significantly poorer performance on a larger number of neuropsychological variables. All impaired aspects of performance were significantly associated with either subjective or objective sleep continuity, and some were also independently related to sleep microstructure (i.e., relative power for alpha frequencies) or selected psychological variables (i.e., beliefs or arousal).
These findings suggest clinically significant alterations in attention and episodic memory in individuals with insomnia. Objective deficits were more pronounced and involved more aspects of performance in a subgroup of individuals with cognitive complaints. These deficits appear associated with sleep continuity, and may also be related to sleep microstructure and dysfunctional beliefs.
本研究的目的是（1）调查失眠个体认知障碍的性质，（2）记录其临床意义，（3）检查其相关因素，以及（4）探索有认知主诉和无认知主诉的失眠个体之间的差异。
参与者接受连续三晚的多导睡眠监测。在第三晚后的早晨，他们完成了一系列问卷调查和神经心理学测试。
样本包括25名患有原发性失眠的成年人（平均年龄：44.4±11.5岁，56%为女性）和16名对照组（平均年龄：42.8±12.9岁，50%为女性），两组在性别、年龄和教育程度上相匹配。
无。
参与者完成了涵盖注意力、记忆力、工作记忆和执行功能的神经心理学测试，以及评估表现的主观感知、抑郁、焦虑、疲劳、嗜睡和过度觉醒的问卷调查。在注意力和情景记忆领域存在显著的组间差异。临床上显著的缺陷在失眠组中更为常见。在失眠组中，有认知主诉的个体在更多的神经心理学变量上表现出明显较差的成绩。所有表现受损的方面均与主观或客观的睡眠连续性显著相关，有些还与睡眠微观结构（即α频率的相对功率）或选定的心理变量（即信念或觉醒）独立相关。
这些发现表明失眠个体在注意力和情景记忆方面存在具有临床意义的改变。在有认知主诉的个体亚组中，客观缺陷更为明显，且涉及更多的表现方面。这些缺陷似乎与睡眠连续性有关，也可能与睡眠微观结构和功能失调的信念有关。
