Nissensohn M, Sánchez-Villegas A, Fuentes Lugo D, Henríquez Sánchez P, Doreste Alonso J, Peña Quintana L, Ruano C, Lowe N L, Hall Moran V, Skinner A L, Warthon-Medina M, Serra-Majem L
a Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria , Spain.
b Ciber Obn. Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health "Carlos III," Madrid , Spain.
Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2016;56(3):350-63. doi: 10.1080/10408398.2013.802661.
A systematic review and meta-analysis of available randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was conducted to evaluate the effect of zinc (Zn) intake on growth in infants. Out of 5500 studies identified through electronic searches and reference lists, 19 RCTs were selected after applying the exclusion/inclusion criteria. The influence of Zn intake on growth was considered in the overall meta-analysis. Other variables were also taken into account as possible effect modifiers: doses of Zn intake, intervention duration, nutritional status, and risk of bias. From each select growth study, final measures of weight, length, mid upper arm circumference (MUAC), head circumference, weight for age z-score (WAZ), length for age z-score (LAZ), and weight for length z-score (WLZ) were assessed. Pooled β and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated. Additionally, we carried out a sensitivity analysis. Zn intake was not associated with weight, length, MUAC, head circumference, and LAZ in the pooled analyses. However, Zn intake had a positive and statistically effect on WAZ (β = 0.06; 95%CI 0.02 to 0.10) and WLZ (β = 0.05; 95%CI 0.01 to 0.08). The dose-response relationship between Zn intake and these parameters indicated that a doubling of Zn intake increased WAZ and WLZ by approximately 4%. Substantial heterogeneity was present only in length analyses (I(2) = 45%; p = 0.03). Zn intake was positively associated with length values at short time (four to 20 weeks) (β = 0.01; CI 95% 0 to 0.02) and at medium doses of Zn (4.1 to 8 mg/day) (β = 0.003; CI 95% 0 to 0.01). Nevertheless, the effect magnitude was small. Our results indicate that Zn intake increases growth parameters of infants. Nonetheless, interpretation of these results should be carefully considered.
我们进行了一项系统评价和荟萃分析，纳入了现有的随机对照试验（RCT），以评估锌（Zn）摄入对婴儿生长的影响。通过电子检索和参考文献列表共识别出5500项研究，在应用排除/纳入标准后，选取了19项RCT。在总体荟萃分析中考虑了锌摄入对生长的影响。还将其他变量作为可能的效应修饰因素进行了考量：锌摄入量、干预持续时间、营养状况和偏倚风险。从每项选定的生长研究中，评估了体重、身长、上臂中部周长（MUAC）、头围、年龄别体重Z评分（WAZ）、年龄别身长Z评分（LAZ）和身长别体重Z评分（WLZ）的最终测量值。计算了合并的β值和95%置信区间（CI）。此外还进行了敏感性分析。在合并分析中，锌摄入与体重、身长、MUAC、头围和LAZ均无关联。然而，锌摄入对WAZ（β = 0.06；95%CI 0.02至0.10）和WLZ（β = 0.05；95%CI 0.01至0.08）有正向且具有统计学意义的影响。锌摄入与这些参数之间的剂量反应关系表明，锌摄入量翻倍可使WAZ和WLZ增加约4%。仅在身长分析中存在显著异质性（I(2) = 45%；p = 0.03）。锌摄入在短时间（4至20周）（β = 0.01；95%CI 0至0.02）和中等锌剂量（4.1至8毫克/天）（β = 0.003；95%CI 0至0.01）时与身长值呈正相关。尽管如此，效应大小较小。我们的结果表明，锌摄入可增加婴儿的生长参数。尽管如此，对这些结果的解读仍应谨慎考虑。
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