Hallé Catherine, Goff Alan K, Petit Hélène V, Blouin Richard, Palin Marie-France
Département de Biologie,Faculté des Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke,Sherbrooke,QC,Canada.
Centre de Recherche en Reproduction Animale, Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de Montréal,St-Hyacinthe,QC,Canada.
Br J Nutr. 2015 Jan 14;113(1):56-71. doi: 10.1017/S0007114514003304. Epub 2014 Nov 4.
Feeding flaxseed to dairy cows can modulate gene expression and PG synthesis in the uterus at the time of peri-implantation. The objectives of the present study were to determine which flaxseed components are responsible for these effects and how different endometrial cell types are affected. We evaluated the effects of six different linoleic acid (n-6):α-linolenic acid (n-3) ratios and three concentrations of the lignan enterolactone (ENL) on endometrial stromal cells (SC) and epithelial cells (EC). The mRNA abundance of genes with known or suspected roles in embryo survival or PG synthesis was evaluated, along with PGE2 and PGF2α concentrations in culture media. The mRNA abundance of several genes was modulated by different fatty acid (FA) ratios and/or ENL, and this modulation differed between cell types. The FA4 (FA at an n-6:n-3 ratio of 4) treatment (rich in n-3 FA) increased the mRNA abundance of genes that have positive effects on uterine receptivity and implantation when compared with the FA25 (FA at an n-6:n-3 ratio of 25) treatment (rich in n-6 FA). ENL decreased PGE2 and PGF2α concentrations in both cell types, and this reduction was associated with lower mRNA abundance of the PG synthase genes AKR1B1 and PTGES in SC. The combination of ENL with FA (FA4 treatment) resulted in the greatest reduction in PGF2α concentrations when compared with the addition of FA (FA4) or ENL alone. Because of the known luteolytic properties of PGF2α, a reduction in endometrial PGF2α secretion would favour the establishment and maintenance of pregnancy.
在围植入期给奶牛饲喂亚麻籽可调节子宫中的基因表达和前列腺素（PG）合成。本研究的目的是确定亚麻籽的哪些成分导致了这些效应，以及不同的子宫内膜细胞类型是如何受到影响的。我们评估了六种不同的亚油酸（n-6）：α-亚麻酸（n-3）比例以及三种木脂素肠内酯（ENL）浓度对子宫内膜基质细胞（SC）和上皮细胞（EC）的影响。评估了在胚胎存活或PG合成中具有已知或疑似作用的基因的mRNA丰度，以及培养基中PGE2和PGF2α的浓度。几种基因的mRNA丰度受到不同脂肪酸（FA）比例和/或ENL的调节，并且这种调节在细胞类型之间存在差异。与FA25处理（n-6:n-3比例为25的FA，富含n-6 FA）相比，FA4处理（n-6:n-3比例为4的FA，富含n-3 FA）增加了对子宫接受性和植入有积极影响的基因的mRNA丰度。ENL降低了两种细胞类型中PGE2和PGF2α的浓度，并且这种降低与SC中PG合成酶基因AKR1B1和PTGES的较低mRNA丰度相关。与单独添加FA（FA4）或ENL相比，ENL与FA（FA4处理）的组合导致PGF2α浓度的最大降低。由于PGF2α已知的溶解黄体特性，子宫内膜PGF2α分泌的减少将有利于妊娠的建立和维持。
